Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, 9037, Tromsø, Norway.
Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK.
Br J Cancer. 2022 Mar;126(4):551-561. doi: 10.1038/s41416-021-01588-3. Epub 2021 Oct 20.
NEAT1 is a highly abundant nuclear architectural long non-coding RNA. There are two overlapping NEAT1 isoforms, NEAT1_1 and NEAT1_2, of which the latter is an essential scaffold for the assembly of a class of nuclear ribonucleoprotein bodies called paraspeckles. Paraspeckle formation is elevated by a wide variety of cellular stressors and in certain developmental processes, either through transcriptional upregulation of the NEAT1 gene or through a switch from NEAT1_1 to NEAT1_2 isoform production. In such conditions, paraspeckles modulate cellular processes by sequestering proteins or RNA molecules. NEAT1 is abnormally expressed in many cancers and a growing body of evidence suggests that, in many cases, high NEAT1 levels are associated with therapy resistance and poor clinical outcome. Here we review the current knowledge of NEAT1 expression and functions in breast cancer, highlighting its established role in postnatal mammary gland development. We will discuss possible isoform-specific roles of NEAT1_1 and NEAT1_2 in different breast cancer subtypes, which critically needs to be considered when studying NEAT1 and breast cancer.
NEAT1 是一种高度丰富的核结构长非编码 RNA。有两种重叠的 NEAT1 异构体，NEAT1_1 和 NEAT1_2，后者是组装一类称为核斑点的核核糖核蛋白体的必需支架。通过 NEAT1 基因的转录上调或从 NEAT1_1 到 NEAT1_2 异构体产生的转换，多种细胞应激源和某些发育过程中会增加核斑点的形成。在这种情况下，核斑点通过隔离蛋白质或 RNA 分子来调节细胞过程。在许多癌症中，NEAT1 异常表达，越来越多的证据表明，在许多情况下，高 NEAT1 水平与治疗耐药和临床预后不良有关。在这里，我们回顾了 NEAT1 在乳腺癌中的表达和功能的现有知识，强调了其在产后乳腺发育中的既定作用。我们将讨论 NEAT1_1 和 NEAT1_2 在不同乳腺癌亚型中的可能的异构体特异性作用，在研究 NEAT1 和乳腺癌时，这需要仔细考虑。
