Zhang Ruo-Xuan, Zhang Zi-Xuan, Zhao Xiang-Yu, Liu Yi-Han, Zhang Xiao-Meng, Han Qin, Wang Xiao-Yu
School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China.
School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China.
Front Genet. 2025 Mar 5;16:1501115. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2025.1501115. eCollection 2025.
NEAT1, a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), is involved in assembling nuclear paraspeckles that have been found to impact various immune-related diseases, such as autoimmune diseases, allergic diseases, cancer immunity, sepsis, etc. In immune-related diseases, lncRNA-NEAT1 affects the activation, proliferation, and differentiation process of immune cells by interacting with transcription factors and miRNA (MicroRNA) to regulate an expression level in immune-related genes. It can also regulate the apoptosis and autophagy processes of immune cells by regulating inflammatory responses, interacting with apoptosis-related proteins, or regulating the expression of autophagy-related genes, thereby regulating the development of immune-related diseases. In recent years, a large number of researchers have found that the abnormal expression of lncRNA-NEAT1 has a great impact on the onset and progression of immune diseases, such as innate immunity after viral infection and the humoral immunity of T lymphocytes. In this paper, the specific mechanism of action and the function of lncRNA-NEAT1 in different immune-related diseases are sorted out and analyzed, to furnish a theoretical foundation for the study of the mechanism of action of immune cells.
NEAT1是一种长链非编码RNA（lncRNA），参与组装核旁斑，已发现其会影响多种免疫相关疾病，如自身免疫性疾病、过敏性疾病、癌症免疫、败血症等。在免疫相关疾病中，lncRNA-NEAT1通过与转录因子和微小RNA（miRNA）相互作用来调节免疫相关基因的表达水平，从而影响免疫细胞的激活、增殖和分化过程。它还可以通过调节炎症反应、与凋亡相关蛋白相互作用或调节自噬相关基因的表达来调节免疫细胞的凋亡和自噬过程，进而调节免疫相关疾病的发展。近年来，大量研究人员发现lncRNA-NEAT1的异常表达对免疫疾病的发生和发展有很大影响，如病毒感染后的固有免疫和T淋巴细胞的体液免疫。本文梳理并分析了lncRNA-NEAT1在不同免疫相关疾病中的具体作用机制和功能，为免疫细胞作用机制的研究提供理论基础。
