Department of Neurosurgery, Kartal Dr. Lutfi Kirdar Research and Education Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey.
Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep. 2021 Oct 21;21(11):62. doi: 10.1007/s11910-021-01147-6.
Decompressive craniectomy (DC) is a life-saving procedure performed in refractory intracranial pressure increase and mass lesion due to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). Cranioplasty primarily intends to maintain cerebral protection and reconstruct aesthetic appearance. Also, cranioplasty can enable neurological rehabilitation and potentially augment neurological recovery. This article reviews recent studies on the effect of cranioplasty on neurological recovery in severe TBI.
Recent findings suggested that cranioplasty has the potential to enhance neurological recovery after severe TBI. Cranioplasty may alleviate cognitive and functional deficits by reinstating the regular cerebrospinal fluid dynamics and improving brain perfusion. Analyses on the effects of cranioplasty timing on neurological recovery likely favor early cranioplasty. Also, materials used during cranioplasty, autologous and exogenous, were suggested to have similar effects in recovery. Although neurological therapy of TBI patients is still a serious challenge, recent findings represent the possible enhancing effect of cranioplasty on neurological recovery.
去骨瓣减压术（DC）是一种挽救生命的手术，适用于严重创伤性脑损伤（TBI）导致的难治性颅内压升高和占位性病变。颅骨修补术主要旨在维持脑保护和重建美观外观。此外，颅骨修补术还可以促进神经康复，并可能增强神经恢复。本文综述了关于颅骨修补术对严重 TBI 神经恢复影响的最新研究。
最近的研究结果表明，颅骨修补术有可能增强严重 TBI 后的神经恢复。颅骨修补术通过恢复正常的脑脊液动力学和改善脑灌注，可能减轻认知和功能缺陷。对颅骨修补术时机对神经恢复影响的分析可能更倾向于早期颅骨修补术。此外，颅骨修补术中使用的自体和异体材料在恢复方面被认为具有相似的效果。尽管 TBI 患者的神经治疗仍然是一个严峻的挑战，但最近的发现代表了颅骨修补术对神经恢复可能具有增强作用。
