Wright Shannon E, Palmer Caroline
Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montréal, Canada.
Chronobiol Int. 2022 Feb;39(2):186-197. doi: 10.1080/07420528.2021.1989449. Epub 2021 Oct 21.
We addressed how circadian rhythms influence daily musical activities of performing musicians, who exhibit fine temporal control. Music performances often occur in the evening and late at night; evidence suggests that composing musicians tend to be later chronotypes than non-composing musicians. However, chronotype and daily music-making in performing musicians have yet to be investigated. The current study examined chronotype in actively practicing and/or performing musicians and non-musicians, and whether it was related to the daily timing of music performance. To test influences of daily changes due to the global COVID-19 pandemic, disruptions to musical, athletic, social, and sleep habits were also measured. Performing musicians, active (practicing but non-performing) musicians, inactive musicians, and non-musicians, residing in Canada, completed a 7-day online daily activity and sleep diary in Summer 2020. There were more evening chronotypes than morning chronotypes in the sample. Active/performing musicians tended to be earlier chronotypes than all other groups. Musicians' chronotype, but not nightly sleep timing, predicted the time of day that musicians made music: Late chronotypes made music later in the day and early chronotypes made music earlier in the day. Music performance and practice amount decreased during the COVID-19 period, but the daily timing of these activities did not change. All participants reported later sleep onset during the COVID-19 period; the amount of social interaction decreased during the COVID-19 period, while exercise increased for some and decreased for others. No changes in the daily timing of exercise, social interaction, or morning wake-up were reported. These findings suggest that performing musicians may be slightly earlier chronotypes than non-performing musicians and non-musicians, despite music performances often occurring in the evening. Chronotype was related to the time of day of music-making independent of nightly sleep timing, suggesting that times of day for making music reflect an individual's circadian rhythm.
我们探讨了昼夜节律如何影响表现出精细时间控制能力的职业音乐家的日常音乐活动。音乐表演通常在傍晚和深夜进行；有证据表明，与非作曲音乐家相比，作曲音乐家往往具有更晚的昼夜节律类型。然而，职业音乐家的昼夜节律类型和日常音乐创作活动尚未得到研究。本研究调查了积极练习和/或表演的音乐家以及非音乐家的昼夜节律类型，以及它是否与音乐表演的日常时间安排有关。为了测试全球新冠疫情导致的日常变化的影响，还测量了音乐、体育、社交和睡眠习惯的中断情况。居住在加拿大的职业音乐家、活跃（练习但不表演）音乐家、不活跃音乐家和非音乐家在2020年夏天完成了一份为期7天的在线日常活动和睡眠日记。样本中晚型昼夜节律类型的人比早型昼夜节律类型的人更多。活跃/表演音乐家的昼夜节律类型往往比其他所有组更早。音乐家的昼夜节律类型，而非夜间睡眠时间，预测了音乐家进行音乐创作的时间：晚型昼夜节律类型的人在一天中较晚的时候进行音乐创作，而早型昼夜节律类型的人在一天中较早的时候进行音乐创作。在新冠疫情期间，音乐表演和练习量减少了，但这些活动的日常时间安排没有改变。所有参与者都报告说在新冠疫情期间入睡时间更晚；在新冠疫情期间社交互动量减少，而一些人的运动量增加，另一些人的运动量减少。没有报告运动、社交互动或早晨起床的日常时间安排有变化。这些发现表明，尽管音乐表演通常在晚上进行，但职业音乐家的昼夜节律类型可能比非表演音乐家和非音乐家略早。昼夜节律类型与音乐创作的时间有关，与夜间睡眠时间无关，这表明进行音乐创作的时间反映了个体的昼夜节律。
