Division of Clinical Oral Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Life Dentistry, The Nippon Dental University at Tokyo, Japan.
Division of Rehabilitation for Speech and Swallowing Disorders, Tama Oral Rehabilitation Clinic, The Nippon Dental University at Tokyo, Japan.
Gerodontology. 2022 Mar;39(1):90-97. doi: 10.1111/ger.12596. Epub 2021 Oct 21.
To investigate whether masticatory movements in older patients with eating difficulties were associated with oral motor function, physical function, and appropriate food textures.
There are few reports on the association between masticatory movements and food textures in older patients with eating difficulties.
This cross-sectional study involved outpatients at a clinic that specialised in eating and swallowing rehabilitation. Masticatory movements were evaluated as normal or abnormal masticatory path patterns. Oral and physical functions were assessed in terms of oral and physical status, muscle strength and motor skills. The appropriate food texture was determined based on fibreoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing and a video fluoroscopic swallowing study. The associations between food texture and masticatory organ, muscle strength and motor skills were analysed.
A total of 126 outpatients (75 men and 51 women; mean age, 78.2 years; SD, 9.6 years) were included in the analysis. 68 participants (54.0%) showed abnormal masticatory movements. Masticatory movement was associated with masticatory performance (odds ratio [OR] = 0.99, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.98-0.99), oral diadochokinesis (OR = 0.55, CI = 0.35-0.86) and stepping test (OR = 0.92, CI = 0.86-0.97). Masticatory movement (OR = 2.94, CI = 1.23-7.01) and the number of natural teeth (OR = 0.94, CI = 0.89-0.99) were associated with normal food.
Masticatory movements in older patients with eating difficulties may be associated with appropriate food textures whilst being influenced by individual differences in systemic motor control. Masticatory movements may be as important as teeth to enjoy eating.
探讨咀嚼运动与有进食困难的老年患者的口腔运动功能、身体功能和适宜食物质地之间的关系。
关于有进食困难的老年患者咀嚼运动与食物质地之间的关系，相关报告较少。
这是一项横断面研究，研究对象为一家专门从事进食和吞咽康复的诊所的门诊患者。咀嚼运动通过正常或异常咀嚼路径模式进行评估。口腔和身体功能通过口腔和身体状况、肌肉力量和运动技能进行评估。适宜食物质地根据纤维内镜吞咽评估和视频透视吞咽研究确定。分析了食物质地与咀嚼器官、肌肉力量和运动技能之间的关系。
共有 126 名门诊患者（75 名男性，51 名女性；平均年龄 78.2 岁，标准差 9.6 岁）纳入分析。68 名患者（54.0%）的咀嚼运动异常。咀嚼运动与咀嚼能力（比值比 [OR] = 0.99，95%置信区间 [CI] = 0.98-0.99）、口腔交替运动速度（OR = 0.55，CI = 0.35-0.86）和跨步试验（OR = 0.92，CI = 0.86-0.97）相关。咀嚼运动（OR = 2.94，CI = 1.23-7.01）和天然牙数量（OR = 0.94，CI = 0.89-0.99）与正常食物有关。
有进食困难的老年患者的咀嚼运动可能与适宜的食物质地有关，同时受个体系统运动控制差异的影响。咀嚼运动可能与牙齿一样重要，是享受进食的关键。
