生物炭改良剂降低了土壤中铅的有效性及其在生菜中的吸收。
Biochar Amendment Reduces the Availability of Pb in the Soil and Its Uptake in Lettuce.
作者信息
Vannini Andrea, Bianchi Elisabetta, Avi Diego, Damaggio Nicole, Di Lella Luigi Antonello, Nannoni Francesco, Protano Giuseppe, Loppi Stefano
机构信息
Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy.
Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy.
出版信息
Toxics. 2021 Oct 15;9(10):268. doi: 10.3390/toxics9100268.
The aim of this study was to investigate the ability of biochar amendment to reduce the availability of Pb in the soil and its uptake in lettuce ( L. var. ). Seedlings of lettuce were cultivated in Pb-contaminated soils, both with and without 5% biochar (/), as well as in a simplified soilless system (hydroponics) at the ecologically relevant Pb concentration of 100 µM, both with and without 1% biochar. Soils amended with biochar resulted in a ca. 50% reduction of the extractable (bioavailable) fraction of Pb, limiting the accumulation of this toxic element in the leaves of lettuce by ca. 50%. A similar behavior was observed for lettuce plants grown hydroponically, even with a much higher reduction of Pb uptake (ca. 80%). Increased cation exchange capacity and pH were likely the main factors limiting the bioavailability of Pb in the soil. Complexation with functional groups and precipitation/co-precipitation both on the biochar surface and in soil aggregates were likely the main mechanisms immobilizing this element.
本研究的目的是探究生物炭改良对降低土壤中铅的有效性及其在生菜（L. var.）中的吸收的能力。生菜幼苗在添加和不添加5%生物炭（/）的铅污染土壤中培养，以及在生态相关铅浓度为100 µM的简化无土系统（水培）中培养，同样添加和不添加1%生物炭。用生物炭改良的土壤使可提取（生物可利用）的铅部分减少了约50%，使这种有毒元素在生菜叶片中的积累减少了约50%。水培生长的生菜植株也观察到类似的情况，即使铅吸收的减少幅度更高（约80%）。阳离子交换容量和pH值的增加可能是限制土壤中铅生物有效性的主要因素。生物炭表面以及土壤团聚体中与官能团的络合和沉淀/共沉淀可能是固定该元素的主要机制。
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