Kasimanickam Ramanathan K, Kasimanickam Vanmathy R, McCann Madison L
Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA.
AARVEE Animal Biotech LLC, Corvallis, OR 97333, USA.
Animals (Basel). 2021 Sep 26;11(10):2800. doi: 10.3390/ani11102800.
Nutrition imprinting carries consequences across generations. The effect of 55% vs. 65% of mature cow body weight (MBW; 545 kg) at breeding on the reproductive performance of heifers and their offspring was investigated. Angus-cross dam heifers were randomly fed to attain 55% ( = 1622) vs. 65% ( = 1578) of MBW, and offspring (F1) heifers born to dam heifers [55% ( = 1285) vs. 65% ( = 1324)] were fed to attain 65% of MBW. Bodyweight and reproductive indices were recorded throughout the study. In dam heifers, puberty (44% vs. 53%), breeding season pregnancy (86.4% vs. 90.6%) and 21-day calving rates (55.2% vs. 65.4%) did vary, but dystocia rate (8.7% vs. 9.0%) did not differ between 55% and 65% MBW groups. Puberty (49.2% vs. 58.2%), breeding season pregnancy (87.2% vs. 92.8%) and 21-day calving rates (53.8% vs. 64.1%) did differ ( < 0.05), but dystocia rate (8.4 vs. 9.2%) did not differ between F1 heifer groups. In conclusion, 55% of MBW at breeding negatively affected the reproductive performance of heifers and its offspring heifers. The recommendation is to feed heifers a balanced diet to reach 65% of MBW at breeding with consideration of production traits.
营养印记会对多代产生影响。研究了繁殖时成熟母牛体重（MBW；545千克）的55%与65%对小母牛及其后代繁殖性能的影响。将安格斯杂交母系小母牛随机饲喂，使其体重达到MBW的55%（n = 1622）与65%（n = 1578），而母系小母牛所生的后代（F1）小母牛[55%（n = 1285）与65%（n = 1324）]则饲喂至体重达到MBW的65%。在整个研究过程中记录体重和繁殖指标。在母系小母牛中，青春期（44%对53%）、繁殖季节怀孕率（86.4%对90.6%）和21天产犊率（55.2%对65.4%）确实存在差异，但难产率（8.7%对9.0%）在55%和65% MBW组之间没有差异。青春期（49.2%对58.2%）、繁殖季节怀孕率（87.2%对92.8%）和21天产犊率（53.8%对64.1%）确实存在差异（P < 0.05），但F1小母牛组之间的难产率（8.4对9.2%）没有差异。总之，繁殖时体重为MBW的55%会对小母牛及其后代小母牛的繁殖性能产生负面影响。建议给小母牛饲喂均衡饮食，以便在繁殖时体重达到MBW的65%，同时考虑生产性状。
