Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.
National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Co-Innovation Centre of Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Oct 11;22(20):10949. doi: 10.3390/ijms222010949.
The phytochrome-interacting factors (PIFs) proteins belong to the subfamily of basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors and play important roles in chloroplast development and chlorophyll biosynthesis. Currently, knowledge about the gene family in remains very limited. In this study, seven PIF members were identified in the genome and named based on homology with genes in All PIF (CsPIF) proteins have both the conserved active PHYB binding (APB) and bHLH domains. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that CsPIFs were clustered into four groups-PIF1, PIF3, PIF7, and PIF8-and most CsPIFs were clustered in pairs with their corresponding orthologs in . members in the same group tended to display uniform or similar exon-intron distribution patterns and motif compositions. genes were differentially expressed in with various leaf colors and strongly correlated with the expression of genes involved in the chlorophyll metabolism pathway. Promoter analysis of structural genes related to chlorophyll metabolism found DNA-binding sites of PIFs were abundant in the promoter regions. Protein-protein interaction networks of CsPIFs demonstrated a close association with phytochrome, PIF4, HY5, TOC1, COP1, and PTAC12 proteins. Additionally, subcellular localization and transcriptional activity analysis suggested that CsPIF3b was nuclear localized protein and possessed transcriptional activity. We also found that CsPIF3b could activate the transcription of and in leaves. This work provides comprehensive research of CsPIFs and would be helpful to further promote the regulation mechanism of PIF on chlorophyll metabolism in .
植物光受体相互作用因子（PIFs）蛋白属于碱性螺旋-环-螺旋（bHLH）转录因子亚家族，在叶绿体发育和叶绿素生物合成中发挥重要作用。目前，关于 基因家族的知识非常有限。在本研究中，从 基因组中鉴定出 7 个 PIF 成员，并根据与 基因的同源性进行命名。所有 CsPIF（CsPIF）蛋白都具有保守的活性 PHYB 结合（APB）和 bHLH 结构域。系统发育分析表明，CsPIFs 分为 4 个组-PIF1、PIF3、PIF7 和 PIF8-大多数 CsPIFs 与 中的相应同源物成对聚类。同一组的 成员往往表现出均匀或相似的外显子-内含子分布模式和基序组成。在具有不同叶色的 中， 基因差异表达，与叶绿素代谢途径相关基因的表达呈强相关性。与叶绿素代谢相关的结构基因启动子分析发现，PIFs 的 DNA 结合位点在启动子区域丰富。CsPIFs 的蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用网络表明与光敏色素、PIF4、HY5、TOC1、COP1 和 PTAC12 蛋白密切相关。此外，亚细胞定位和转录活性分析表明，CsPIF3b 是定位于核内的蛋白，具有转录活性。我们还发现 CsPIF3b 可以激活 和 在 叶片中的转录。这项工作对 CsPIFs 进行了全面的研究，将有助于进一步促进 PIF 对 中叶绿素代谢的调节机制。
