Zanchi Chiara, Pintaldi Stefano, Di Leo Grazia, Ronfani Luca, Zamagni Giulia, Viel Marialuisa, Barbi Egidio, Cozzi Giorgio
Department of Pediatrics, Institute for Maternal and Child Health "IRCCS Burlo Garofolo", Via dell'Istria 65, 34137 Trieste, Italy.
Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy.
Children (Basel). 2021 Sep 24;8(10):838. doi: 10.3390/children8100838.
Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) are chronic and recurrent disorders, which affect up to 23% of children and adolescents and represent 50% of gastroenterological accesses. The association between FGIDs diagnosed at paediatric age and the onset of migraine or headache and neuropsychiatric diseases in adolescence and adulthood is widely reported in the literature. However, there is still limited knowledge about the long-term prognosis and risk factors for neuropsychiatric pathologies and other comorbidities.
The aim is to assess the prevalence and persistence of FGIDs as well as the occurrence of migraine or headache and neuropsychiatric disorders in a cohort of patients diagnosed with FGIDs 15 years ago compared with a control group of peers.
We enrolled a group of patients diagnosed with FGIDs at paediatric age, at least 10 years ago (FGIDs group, = 79; median age 23), and control subjects (control group, = 201; median age 23). In both groups, an online questionnaire created explicitly for the study was submitted in order to investigate the presence of chronic intestinal diseases, migraine, headache or neuropsychiatric disorders.
45.6% (36 out of 79) of patients previously diagnosed with FGIDs still suffer from FGIDs versus 12% (24 out of 201) of healthy controls ( < 0.0001). The prevalence of chronic organic gastrointestinal disorders was comparable in the two groups (2.5% in FGIDs group versus 1% in healthy group, = 0.3). Thirty-three percent (26 out of 79) of FGIDs patients reported headache or migraine versus 13% (26 out of 201) of healthy peers ( < 0.001). No differences were found regarding the prevalence of anxiety and depression.
The outcome at 15 years of FGIDs was characterized by a high prevalence of persisting functional symptoms along with a significant incidence of headaches and migraines. Abbreviation: FGIDs: Functional gastrointestinal disorders; IBS: Inflammatory Bowel Syndrome.
功能性胃肠疾病（FGIDs）是慢性复发性疾病，影响高达23%的儿童和青少年，占胃肠病科就诊病例的50%。儿科诊断的FGIDs与青少年及成人偏头痛或头痛以及神经精神疾病发病之间的关联在文献中有广泛报道。然而，关于神经精神疾病及其他合并症的长期预后和危险因素仍知之甚少。
目的是评估15年前被诊断为FGIDs的一组患者中FGIDs的患病率和持续情况，以及偏头痛或头痛和神经精神疾病的发生情况，并与同龄对照组进行比较。
我们纳入了一组至少在10年前儿科时期被诊断为FGIDs的患者（FGIDs组，n = 79；中位年龄23岁）以及对照受试者（对照组，n = 201；中位年龄23岁）。两组均提交了专门为该研究创建的在线问卷，以调查慢性肠道疾病、偏头痛、头痛或神经精神疾病的存在情况。
先前诊断为FGIDs的患者中有45.6%（79例中的36例）仍患有FGIDs，而健康对照组为12%（201例中的24例）（P < 0.0001）。两组慢性器质性胃肠疾病的患病率相当（FGIDs组为2.5%，健康组为1%，P = 0.3）。33%（79例中的26例）的FGIDs患者报告有头痛或偏头痛，而健康同龄人中这一比例为13%（201例中的26例）（P < 0.001）。焦虑和抑郁的患病率未发现差异。
FGIDs 15年的结局特点是持续存在功能性症状的患病率较高，同时头痛和偏头痛的发生率显著。缩写：FGIDs：功能性胃肠疾病；IBS：炎症性肠病
