Penkov Nikita V, Goltyaev Mikhail V, Astashev Maxim E, Serov Dmitry A, Moskovskiy Maxim N, Khort Dmitriy O, Gudkov Sergey V
Institute of Cell Biophysics RAS, Federal Research Center "Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences", 142290 Pushchino, Russia.
Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
Pathogens. 2021 Oct 16;10(10):1336. doi: 10.3390/pathogens10101336.
Fusarium and late blight (fungal diseases of cereals and potatoes) are among the main causes of crop loss worldwide. A key element of success in the fight against phytopathogens is the timely identification of infected plants and seeds. That is why the development of new methods for identifying phytopathogens is a priority for agriculture. The terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) is a promising method for assessing the quality of materials. For the first time, we used THz-TDS for assessing the infection of seeds of cereals (oats, wheat and barley) with fusarium and potato tubers of different varieties (Nadezhda and Meteor) with late blight. We evaluated the refractive index, absorption coefficient and complex dielectric permittivity in healthy and infected plants. The presence of phytopathogens on seeds was confirmed by microscopy and PCR. It is shown, that Late blight significantly affected all the studied spectral characteristics. The nature of the changes depended on the variety of the analyzed plants and the localization of the analyzed tissue relative to the focus of infection. Fusarium also significantly affected all the studied spectral characteristics. It was found that THz-TDS method allows you to clearly establish the presence or absence of a phytopathogens, in the case of late blight, to assess the degree and depth of damage to plant tissues.
镰刀菌病和晚疫病（谷物和马铃薯的真菌病害）是全球作物损失的主要原因之一。对抗植物病原体成功的一个关键因素是及时识别受感染的植物和种子。这就是为什么开发识别植物病原体的新方法是农业的一个优先事项。太赫兹时域光谱（THz-TDS）是一种评估材料质量的有前景的方法。我们首次使用THz-TDS来评估谷物种子（燕麦、小麦和大麦）感染镰刀菌以及不同品种（娜杰日达和流星）的马铃薯块茎感染晚疫病的情况。我们评估了健康和受感染植物的折射率、吸收系数和复介电常数。通过显微镜检查和聚合酶链反应（PCR）确认了种子上存在植物病原体。结果表明，晚疫病显著影响了所有研究的光谱特征。变化的性质取决于所分析植物的品种以及所分析组织相对于感染病灶的位置。镰刀菌也显著影响了所有研究的光谱特征。研究发现，太赫兹时域光谱方法能够明确确定是否存在植物病原体，对于晚疫病而言，还能评估植物组织受损的程度和深度。
