Świsłocka Magdalena, Ratkiewicz Mirosław, Borkowska Anetta
Department of Zoology and Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University of Białystok, Ciołkowskiego 1J, 15-245 Białystok, Poland.
Pathogens. 2021 Oct 18;10(10):1344. doi: 10.3390/pathogens10101344.
It is important to assess the distribution of parasite species across wildlife populations, to design strategies for game management and effective disease control in nature. In this project we quantified the prevalence of species in eight moose populations. We used molecular methods for identification of parasite species and host individual genotypes from fecal samples. We also demonstrated sharing of parasite species between three cervid hosts sympatrically occurring in the Biebrza River valley, North-Eastern Poland, which is occupied by the largest autochthonous, non-harvested moose population in Central Europe. Nematode species from the genus are ubiquitous in the studied moose populations. The presence of a single parasite species (e.g., ) in moose individuals was more common than simultaneous infection with and . The prevalence of both and was higher in males than females. The distribution of and prevalence in moose, roe deer, and red deer were in accordance with the membership of a host to a subfamily. Simultaneous occurrences of both species were significantly more frequently noted in red deer fecal samples than those collected from moose or roe deer. Thus, we consider red deer to play a dominant role in sharing of those nematodes to other cervids. Our findings promote applications of molecular methods of identifying parasite species and the assessment of the exchange of parasite community between wild ruminant species in management and health monitoring of game animal populations.
评估寄生虫物种在野生动物种群中的分布情况，对于制定野生动物管理策略和自然界疾病的有效控制至关重要。在本项目中，我们对八个驼鹿种群中物种的流行情况进行了量化。我们采用分子方法从粪便样本中鉴定寄生虫物种和宿主个体基因型。我们还证明了在波兰东北部别布扎河谷同域分布的三种鹿科宿主之间存在寄生虫物种共享现象，该地区栖息着中欧最大的本地、未被猎捕的驼鹿种群。在所研究的驼鹿种群中，属的线虫物种普遍存在。驼鹿个体中单一寄生虫物种（如）的存在比同时感染和更为常见。和的流行率在雄性中高于雌性。驼鹿、狍和马鹿中及的流行分布与宿主所属亚科一致。在马鹿粪便样本中同时出现这两种物种的情况明显比从驼鹿或狍采集的样本中更频繁。因此，我们认为马鹿在将这些线虫传播给其他鹿科动物方面起着主导作用。我们的研究结果推动了分子方法在鉴定寄生虫物种以及评估野生动物反刍动物种群管理和健康监测中野生反刍动物物种间寄生虫群落交换方面的应用。
