Center for Human Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
Department of Allergy and Immunology, Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA 90073, USA.
Nutrients. 2021 Sep 28;13(10):3446. doi: 10.3390/nu13103446.
The COVID-19 pandemic has uncovered the increased susceptibility of individuals with obesity to infection and severe disease leading to hospitalization and death. Studies in New York City demonstrated that after advanced age, obesity was the most common risk factor leading to severe disease and death from COVID-19. While the connection has been recognized, there has not been a general recognition of the potential mechanisms for this link between excess body fat and mortality from this viral pandemic including respiratory complications and sequelae of increased activation of the immune system. Despite plans for vaccination of the global population, the risk community spread of COVID-19 and future pandemics will be linked in part to obesity and immunity. This review will detail a number of potential mechanisms through which obesity may contribute to the lethality of this viral infection. These insights will hopefully lead to a greater emphasis on obesity prevention and treatment as part of the global response to this and future pandemic threats.
译文：
肥胖与 COVID-19 相关死亡率之间的潜在机制
肥胖者易感染 COVID-19，且感染后易发展为重症，进而导致住院和死亡，这在疫情期间已被充分证实。纽约市的研究表明，在年龄较大的人群中，肥胖是导致 COVID-19 重症和死亡的最常见危险因素。尽管人们已经认识到肥胖与 COVID-19 相关死亡率之间存在关联，但对于这种关联的潜在机制，包括肥胖与呼吸系统并发症和免疫系统过度激活的后遗症之间的关系，尚未达成普遍共识。尽管计划对全球人口进行疫苗接种，但 COVID-19 的社区传播风险以及未来的大流行仍将部分与肥胖和免疫有关。本综述将详细介绍肥胖可能导致这种病毒感染致命性的多种潜在机制。这些见解有望促使人们更加重视肥胖的预防和治疗，将其作为应对当前和未来大流行威胁的全球应对措施的一部分。
