Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, University Hospital Clínico San Cecilio, 18016 Granada, Spain.
Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (Ibs. Granada), Avd. Madrid 15, 18012 Granada, Spain.
Nutrients. 2021 Oct 1;13(10):3491. doi: 10.3390/nu13103491.
Recent evidence has revealed anti-inflammatory properties of vitamin D as well as extra-skeletal activity. In this context, vitamin D seems to be involved in infections, autoimmune diseases, cardiometabolic diseases, and cancer development. In recent years, the relationship between vitamin D and insulin resistance has been a topic of growing interest. Low 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels appear to be associated with most of the insulin resistance disorders described to date. In fact, vitamin D deficiency may be one of the factors accelerating the development of insulin resistance. Vitamin D deficiency is a common problem in the population and may be associated with the pathogenesis of diseases related to insulin resistance, such as obesity, diabetes, metabolic syndrome (MS) and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). An important question is the identification of 25(OH)D levels capable of generating an effect on insulin resistance, glucose metabolism and to decrease the risk of developing insulin resistance related disorders. The benefits of 25(OH)D supplementation/repletion on bone health are well known, and although there is a biological plausibility linking the status of vitamin D and insulin resistance supported by basic and clinical research findings, well-designed randomized clinical trials as well as basic research are necessary to know the molecular pathways involved in this association.
最近的证据揭示了维生素 D 的抗炎特性和骨骼外活性。在这种情况下，维生素 D 似乎与感染、自身免疫性疾病、心血管代谢疾病和癌症发展有关。近年来，维生素 D 与胰岛素抵抗之间的关系一直是一个日益受到关注的话题。低 25-羟维生素 D（25(OH)D）水平似乎与迄今为止描述的大多数胰岛素抵抗紊乱有关。事实上，维生素 D 缺乏可能是加速胰岛素抵抗发展的因素之一。维生素 D 缺乏是人群中的一个常见问题，可能与与胰岛素抵抗相关疾病的发病机制有关，如肥胖、糖尿病、代谢综合征（MS）和多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）。一个重要的问题是确定能够对胰岛素抵抗、葡萄糖代谢产生影响并降低发生与胰岛素抵抗相关疾病风险的 25(OH)D 水平。补充/补充 25(OH)D 对骨骼健康的益处是众所周知的，尽管有生物学上的合理性支持基础和临床研究结果表明维生素 D 状态与胰岛素抵抗之间的联系，但需要进行精心设计的随机临床试验以及基础研究，以了解涉及这种关联的分子途径。
