Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China.
Cells. 2021 Oct 5;10(10):2668. doi: 10.3390/cells10102668.
Triploid oysters have poor gonadal development, which can not only bring higher economic benefits but also have a potential application in the genetic containment of aquaculture. However, the key factors that influence germ cell development in triploid oysters remain unclear. In this study, data-independent acquisition coupled to transcriptomics was applied to identify genes/proteins related to sterility in triploid . Eighty-four genes were differentially expressed at both the protein and mRNA levels between fertile and sterile females. For male oysters, 207 genes were differentially expressed in the transcriptomic and proteomic analysis. A large proportion of downregulated genes were related to cell division, which may hinder germ cell proliferation and cause apoptosis. In sterile triploid females, a primary cause of sterility may be downregulation in the expression levels of certain mitotic cell cycle-related genes. In sterile triploid males, downregulation of genes related to cell cycle and sperm motility indicated that the disruption of mitosis or meiosis and flagella defects may be linked with the blocking of spermatogenesis. Additionally, the genes upregulated in sterile oysters were mainly associated with the biosynthesis of glycogen and fat, suggesting that sterility in triploids stimulates the synthesis of glycogen and energy conservation in gonad tissue.
三倍体牡蛎性腺发育不良，不仅能带来更高的经济效益，而且在水产养殖的遗传控制方面具有潜在的应用价值。然而，影响三倍体牡蛎生殖细胞发育的关键因素仍不清楚。本研究采用无数据依赖 acquisition 结合转录组学技术，鉴定与三倍体不育相关的基因/蛋白。在可育和不育雌性个体之间，蛋白质和 mRNA 水平上有 84 个基因存在差异表达。对于雄性牡蛎，在转录组和蛋白质组分析中有 207 个基因存在差异表达。下调基因的很大一部分与细胞分裂有关，这可能阻碍生殖细胞增殖并导致细胞凋亡。在不育的三倍体雌性中，不育的一个主要原因可能是某些有丝分裂细胞周期相关基因表达水平下调。在不育的三倍体雄性中，与细胞周期和精子运动性相关的基因下调表明，有丝分裂或减数分裂的破坏以及鞭毛缺陷可能与精子发生受阻有关。此外，不育牡蛎中上调的基因主要与糖原和脂肪的生物合成有关，这表明三倍体的不育会刺激性腺组织中糖原的合成和能量的储存。
