Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wrocław Medical University, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland.
Department of Infectious Diseases, Liver Diseases and Acquired Immune Deficiencies, Faculty of Medicine, Wrocław Medical University, 51-149 Wrocław, Poland.
Cells. 2021 Oct 13;10(10):2739. doi: 10.3390/cells10102739.
The sirtuins (SIRTs) are a family of enzymes from the group of NAD-dependent deacetylases. Through the reaction of splitting the acetyl group of various transcription factors and histones they regulate many processes in the organism. The activity of sirtuins is linked to metabolic control, oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis, and they also affect the course of viral infections. For this reason, they may participate in the pathogenesis and development of many diseases, but little is known about their role in the course of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, which is the subject of this review. In the course of HIV infection, comorbidities such as: neurodegenerative disorders, obesity, insulin resistance and diabetes, lipid disorders and cardiovascular diseases, renal and bone diseases developed more frequently and faster compared to the general population. The role of sirtuins in the development of accompanying diseases in the course of HIV infection may also be interesting. There is still a lack of detailed information on this subject. The role of sirtuins, especially SIRT1, SIRT3, SIRT6, are indicated to be of great importance in the course of HIV infection and the development of the abovementioned comorbidities.
去乙酰化酶 Sirtuins（SIRTs）是 NAD 依赖性去乙酰化酶家族中的一组酶。通过分解各种转录因子和组蛋白的乙酰基的反应，它们调节生物体中的许多过程。Sirtuins 的活性与代谢控制、氧化应激、炎症和细胞凋亡有关，它们还影响病毒感染的过程。因此，它们可能参与许多疾病的发病机制和发展，但人们对它们在人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 感染过程中的作用知之甚少，这是本综述的主题。在 HIV 感染过程中，与一般人群相比，神经退行性疾病、肥胖症、胰岛素抵抗和糖尿病、脂质紊乱和心血管疾病、肾脏和骨骼疾病等合并症的发展更为频繁和迅速。Sirtuins 在 HIV 感染过程中伴随疾病发展中的作用可能也很有趣。关于这个主题仍然缺乏详细的信息。Sirtuins 的作用，特别是 SIRT1、SIRT3、SIRT6，在 HIV 感染和上述合并症的发展过程中被表明具有重要意义。
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