Hawassa University, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Nursing, Hawassa, Ethiopia.
Australian Centre for Public and Population Health Research, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia.
BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2021 Oct 22;21(1):708. doi: 10.1186/s12884-021-04188-4.
Antenatal depression and antenatal anxiety adversely affect several obstetric and foetal outcomes, and increase the rate of postnatal mental illness. Thus, to tackle these challenges the need for social support during pregnancy is vital. However, an extensive literature search failed to show a published study on the relationship between domains of social support and antenatal depressive, as well as antenatal anxiety symptoms in Australia. This study examined the association between domains of social support and antenatal depressive and anxiety symptoms among Australian women.
The current study used data obtained from the 1973-78 cohort of the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health (ALSWH), focusing upon women who reported being pregnant (n = 493). Depression and anxiety were assessed using the 10 item Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression (CES-D-10) scale, and the 9-item Goldberg Anxiety and Depression scale (GADS) respectively. The 19 item-Medical Outcomes Study Social Support index (MOSS) was used to assess social support. A logistic regression model was used to examine the associations between domains of social support and antenatal depressive and anxiety symptoms after adjusting for potential confounders.
The current study found 24.7 and 20.9% of pregnant women screened positive for depressive and anxiety symptoms respectively. After adjusting for potential confounders, our study found that the odds of antenatal depressive symptoms was about four and threefold higher among pregnant women who reported low emotional/informational support (AOR = 4.75; 95% CI: 1.45, 15.66; p = 0.010) and low social support (overall support) (AOR = 3.26; 95%CI: 1.05, 10.10, p = 0.040) respectively compared with their counterpart. In addition, the odds of antenatal anxiety symptoms was seven times higher among pregnant women who reported low affectionate support/positive social interaction (AOR = 7.43; 95%CI: 1.75, 31.55; p = 0.006).
A considerable proportion of pregnant Australian women had depressive symptoms and/or anxiety symptoms, which poses serious health concerns. Low emotional/informational support and low affectionate support/positive social interaction have a significant association with antenatal depressive and anxiety symptoms respectively. As such, targeted screening of expectant women for social support is essential.
产前抑郁和焦虑会对多种产科和胎儿结局产生不利影响，并增加产后精神疾病的发生率。因此，在怀孕期间获得社会支持对于应对这些挑战至关重要。然而，广泛的文献检索未能显示出在澳大利亚发表的关于社会支持领域与产前抑郁和焦虑症状之间关系的研究。本研究调查了澳大利亚女性社会支持领域与产前抑郁和焦虑症状之间的关系。
本研究使用了澳大利亚妇女健康纵向研究（ALSWH）1973-78 年队列获得的数据，重点关注报告怀孕的女性（n=493）。使用 10 项中心流行病学研究抑郁量表（CES-D-10）和 9 项戈德堡焦虑和抑郁量表（GADS）分别评估抑郁和焦虑症状。使用 19 项医疗结局研究社会支持指数（MOSS）评估社会支持。在调整潜在混杂因素后，使用逻辑回归模型检查社会支持领域与产前抑郁和焦虑症状之间的关联。
本研究发现，筛查出的产前抑郁和焦虑症状阳性的孕妇分别占 24.7%和 20.9%。在调整潜在混杂因素后，我们的研究发现，与报告情绪/信息支持低的孕妇相比，报告情绪/信息支持低（OR=4.75；95%CI：1.45，15.66；p=0.010）和社会支持低（整体支持）（OR=3.26；95%CI：1.05，10.10，p=0.040）的孕妇产前抑郁症状的几率分别高出约四到三倍。此外，与报告情绪/信息支持低的孕妇相比，报告亲密支持/积极社会互动低的孕妇产前焦虑症状的几率高 7 倍（OR=7.43；95%CI：1.75，31.55；p=0.006）。
相当一部分澳大利亚孕妇有抑郁症状和/或焦虑症状，这对健康构成严重威胁。低情绪/信息支持和低亲密支持/积极社会互动与产前抑郁和焦虑症状分别有显著关联。因此，对预期孕妇进行社会支持的针对性筛查是必要的。
