在一个多民族亚洲队列中追踪妊娠和产后 6 年之间的饮食模式：新加坡成长为健康结局研究（GUSTO）。

Tracking of dietary patterns between pregnancy and 6 years post-pregnancy in a multiethnic Asian cohort: the Growing Up in Singapore Towards healthy Outcomes (GUSTO) study.

机构信息

Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Tahir Foundation Building, 12 Science Drive 2, #09-01Q, Singapore, 117549, Singapore.

Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Brenner Centre for Molecular Medicine, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 117609, Singapore.

出版信息

Eur J Nutr. 2022 Mar;61(2):985-1001. doi: 10.1007/s00394-021-02703-z. Epub 2021 Oct 23.

DOI:10.1007/s00394-021-02703-z

PMID:34686887

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7612407/

Abstract

PURPOSE

Few studies have described adherence to dietary patterns over time in women of childbearing age. This study aims to describe, examine the stability and changes in dietary patterns between pregnancy and 6 years post-pregnancy and the sociodemographic and lifestyle factors influencing the adherence over time.

METHODS

During pregnancy and at 6 years post-pregnancy, 24-h recalls and food frequency questionnaires were collected, respectively, from 709 women. Data on sociodemographic and lifestyle factors were collected via questionnaires. Dietary patterns were identified using principal component analysis and stability assessed using Pearson's correlation coefficients (r) and Cohen's weighted kappa (κ). Associations with sociodemographic characteristics were assessed by multiple logistic regression.

RESULTS

The 'Fruits, Vegetables and Legumes' (FVL) and 'Seafood, Noodle, Soup' (SNS) patterns were identified at both time points, with low correlation for the dietary pattern z scores (r 0.2 and 0.3, respectively) and modest agreement in tertile assignment, suggesting poor stability. An 'unhealthy' pattern was only observed at 6 years post-pregnancy. Women who showed increased adherence to FVL pattern had higher educational attainment and exhibited healthy lifestyle behaviours. Women who had gestational diabetes during pregnancy were less likely to decrease adherence to FVL pattern over time. Women who adhered more closely to the 'unhealthy' pattern at 6 years post-pregnancy tended to be younger, of Malay ethnicity, had lower socioeconomic status, were less physically active and had additional pregnancies.

CONCLUSIONS

Dietary habits of women became less healthy during the transition from pregnancy to 6 years post-pregnancy. However, results should be interpreted with caution due to the different dietary assessment tools used at the two time points.

摘要

目的

很少有研究描述过育龄妇女随时间推移的饮食模式依从性。本研究旨在描述、检查妊娠和产后 6 年期间饮食模式的稳定性和变化，以及随时间推移影响依从性的社会人口学和生活方式因素。

方法

在妊娠期间和产后 6 年时，分别从 709 名女性中收集 24 小时回顾和食物频率问卷的数据。通过问卷收集社会人口学和生活方式因素的数据。使用主成分分析识别饮食模式，并使用 Pearson 相关系数（r）和 Cohen 加权 Kappa（κ）评估稳定性。使用多因素逻辑回归评估与社会人口学特征的关联。

结果

在两个时间点都确定了“水果、蔬菜和豆类”（FVL）和“海鲜、面条、汤”（SNS）模式，饮食模式 z 分数的相关性较低（r 分别为 0.2 和 0.3），三分位赋值的一致性适中，表明稳定性差。仅在产后 6 年观察到“不健康”模式。表现出对 FVL 模式更高依从性的女性具有更高的教育程度，并表现出健康的生活方式行为。在妊娠期间患有妊娠糖尿病的女性不太可能随着时间的推移减少对 FVL 模式的依从性。在产后 6 年更紧密地遵循“不健康”模式的女性往往更年轻，为马来族裔，社会经济地位较低，身体活动较少，并且有额外的怀孕。