Araras Dental School, Hermínio Ometto Foundation, Araras, São Paulo, Brazil.
Department of Community Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.
Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2022 Mar;161(3):390-395. doi: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2020.09.031. Epub 2021 Oct 20.
This study aimed to investigate the esthetic impact of mandibular crowding and maxillary midline diastema in children in the mixed dentition.
The sample for this cross-sectional study comprised 785 children, aged 8-10 years, in the late mixed dentition. Mandibular crowding and maxillary midline diastema were evaluated clinically with the Dental Aesthetic Index. Mandibular crowding and maxillary midline diastema were evaluated to determine tooth size-arch length discrepancies. The sample was stratified as group 1, children without maxillary midline diastema or mandibular crowding (n = 177); group 2, children with maxillary midline diastema (n = 256); group 3, children with mandibular crowding (n = 208); and group 4, children with maxillary midline diastema and mandibular crowding (n = 144). The subjective esthetic impact was evaluated using the Orthodontic Aesthetic Subjective Impact Score. Descriptive and exploratory analyses of the data were performed. A generalized linear model was applied, adjusted for the possible confounding variables (age, gender, and race) with a significance level of 5% because the Orthodontic Aesthetic Subjective Impact Score did not meet the assumptions of analysis of variance.
Children in groups 2 and 3 showed greater esthetic concern than group 1 (P <0.05). Children in groups 2 and 3 did not show a significant difference with children in group 4 (P >0.05).
Children with mixed dentition with mandibular crowding or maxillary median diastema reported significantly more esthetic concern than children without these conditions.
本研究旨在探讨混合牙列期儿童下颌拥挤和上颌中线间隙对美观的影响。
本横断面研究的样本包括 785 名 8-10 岁混合牙列晚期的儿童。使用牙审美指数（Dental Aesthetic Index）对下颌拥挤和上颌中线间隙进行临床评估。评估下颌拥挤和上颌中线间隙，以确定牙量-牙弓长度不调。将样本分为四组：组 1 为无上颌中线间隙或下颌拥挤的儿童（n=177）；组 2 为有上颌中线间隙的儿童（n=256）；组 3 为有下颌拥挤的儿童（n=208）；组 4 为有上颌中线间隙和下颌拥挤的儿童（n=144）。使用正畸审美主观影响评分（Orthodontic Aesthetic Subjective Impact Score）评估主观审美影响。对数据进行描述性和探索性分析。应用广义线性模型，调整了可能的混杂变量（年龄、性别和种族），显著性水平为 5%，因为正畸审美主观影响评分不符合方差分析的假设。
组 2 和组 3 的儿童比组 1 的儿童表现出更大的审美关注（P<0.05）。组 2 和组 3 的儿童与组 4 的儿童之间没有显著差异（P>0.05）。
与无这些情况的儿童相比，混合牙列期有下颌拥挤或上颌中线间隙的儿童报告有明显更多的审美关注。
