School of Psychology, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia.
School of Psychology, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia.
Appetite. 2022 Jan 1;168:105771. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2021.105771. Epub 2021 Oct 21.
Global consumption of soft drinks has increased rapidly over the past 50 years, making this a major public health problem. Guided by dual-process models, the present study aimed to provide a comprehensive investigation of the roles of cognitive biases (evaluative, attentional, and approach biases) and self-regulatory control in soft drink consumption and choice. Participants were 128 undergraduate students (17-25 years). They completed computer-based measures of the three biases (Implicit Association Task, Dot Probe Task, and Approach Avoidance Task) and self-regulatory control (Go/no-go Task). Soft drink consumption and choice were measured using a taste test and a take home beverage choice task, respectively. Evaluative bias for soft drink cues was positively associated with the amount of soft drink consumed. Self-regulatory control was negatively correlated with amount of soft drink consumed, but only for men. There was no interaction between cognitive biases and self-regulatory control in predicting soft drink consumption or choice. Nonetheless, the results support the application of dual-process models to soft drink consumption in that automatic (evaluative bias) and controlled processes (self-regulatory control) each predicted amount of soft drink consumed, albeit independently and only for certain individuals. Future research should extend these findings to habitual soft drink consumers and to individuals who actively wish to limit their soft drink intake.
在过去的 50 年中，全球软饮料的消费迅速增加，这成为了一个主要的公共卫生问题。本研究以双加工模型为指导，旨在全面研究认知偏差（评价性、注意力和趋近回避偏差）和自我调节控制在软饮料消费和选择中的作用。参与者为 128 名本科生（17-25 岁）。他们完成了基于计算机的三种偏差（内隐联想测验、点探测任务和趋近回避任务）和自我调节控制（Go/no-go 任务）的测量。软饮料的消费和选择分别通过味觉测试和带回家的饮料选择任务进行测量。对软饮料线索的评价性偏差与软饮料的消耗量呈正相关。自我调节控制与软饮料的消耗量呈负相关，但仅对男性如此。在预测软饮料的消费或选择时，认知偏差和自我调节控制之间没有相互作用。尽管如此，这些结果支持将双加工模型应用于软饮料消费的研究，因为自动（评价性偏差）和控制过程（自我调节控制）都可以预测软饮料的消耗量，尽管是独立的，并且仅适用于某些个体。未来的研究应该将这些发现扩展到习惯性软饮料消费者和积极希望限制软饮料摄入量的个体。
