University of California, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Irvine, USA.
University of California, Department of Psychological Science, Irvine, USA.
Appetite. 2022 Jan 1;168:105766. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2021.105766. Epub 2021 Oct 21.
Obesity commonly emerges by adolescence and is associated with serious health consequences. Emotional eating (consuming calories, fats, and sugars in response to negative affect) may promote obesity; however, evidence is mixed as to whether negative affect increases obesogenic eating. Early-life adversity may shape malleable neurobiological systems that govern inhibitory control, physiological regulation, coping strategies, and eating behavior, contributing to greater obesogenic eating in response to negative affect. Therefore, this study tested whether childhood adversity moderates the association between negative affect and food consumption in a diverse sample of female adolescents. After completing a childhood adversity assessment, 157 female adolescents (13-17 years; 28.7% African American, 39.5% Hispanic/Latina, 31.8% Non-Hispanic White) rated their negative affect in response to a standard social stress paradigm before consuming a buffet lunch, which was evaluated for calories, added sugars, and solid fats consumed. Results did not support that negative affect exerted a main effect on eating behavior. However, negative affect and childhood adversity interacted to predict calories and solid fats consumed, such that negative affect was associated with more obesogenic eating for those with high adversity exposure but not for those with low adversity exposure. Adversity and affect did not interact to predict added sugars consumed. Findings support that eating patterns in response to negative affect may differ by childhood adversity history. Reducing children's adversity exposure and bolstering emotion regulation techniques for adolescents who have been exposed to adversity may provide pathways to protect health and well-being by reducing maladaptive eating patterns.
肥胖通常在青少年时期出现，并与严重的健康后果有关。情绪性进食（在消极情绪下摄入卡路里、脂肪和糖）可能会促进肥胖；然而，消极情绪是否会增加致肥胖的进食行为，证据并不一致。早期生活逆境可能会塑造可塑的神经生物学系统，这些系统控制着抑制控制、生理调节、应对策略和进食行为，导致在面对消极情绪时，更容易出现致肥胖的进食行为。因此，本研究测试了童年逆境是否会调节消极情绪与食物摄入之间的关联，研究对象为来自不同背景的女性青少年。在完成童年逆境评估后，157 名女性青少年（13-17 岁；28.7%为非裔美国人，39.5%为西班牙裔/拉丁裔，31.8%为非西班牙裔白人）在吃自助餐之前，根据标准的社会压力范式评定了自己的消极情绪，然后对摄入的卡路里、添加糖和固体脂肪进行了评估。结果并不支持消极情绪对进食行为有主要影响。然而，消极情绪和童年逆境相互作用，预测了卡路里和固体脂肪的消耗，即对于高逆境暴露的个体，消极情绪与更多的致肥胖性进食有关，但对于低逆境暴露的个体则没有这种关系。逆境和情绪并不相互作用来预测添加糖的消耗。研究结果支持这样一种观点，即对消极情绪的反应模式可能因童年逆境经历而有所不同。减少儿童的逆境暴露，并为经历过逆境的青少年增强情绪调节技巧，可能为通过减少不良的进食模式来保护健康和福祉提供途径。
