College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
Graduate School of Horticulture, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Mar 15;19(6):3453. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19063453.
Urban deciduous forests are an important ecological resource and seasonal landscape in the urban environment. However, in the abundant literature on how urban green space promotes human health and well-being, research on urban seasonal deciduous forests is limited. This study aimed to investigate the physiological and psychological recovery potential provided of urban deciduous forest space for youths and the spatial preferences of youths regarding such spaces. We recruited 120 participants to study the restorative potential of two typical urban deciduous forest landscape spaces (experimental groups) and one urban road environment (control group). The results showed that after 15 min of observation, the blood pressure (especially the diastolic blood pressure (p < 0.01)) and pulse of the deciduous forest trail setting (DFTS) group effectively decreased, and the restorative mood significantly increased. Regarding change in emotional parameters, the DFTS group scored higher on “interest” and significantly higher than the other two groups on positive emotion. The correlation results show that density and level are the key factors affecting spatial preferences regarding complex deciduous forests. An increase in density reduces the mood of re-laxation, and an increase in level decreases fatigue and interest. We suggest (1) constructing foot-paths in urban deciduous forests to reduce their spatial density as to improve the relaxation effect and (2) increasing landscape diversity according to the forest space to facilitate user participation and interest. This study provides a scientific basis for the environmental restoration of deciduous landscapes and for urban forestry management decision-makers based on space type construction.
城市落叶阔叶林是城市环境中重要的生态资源和季节性景观。然而，在大量关于城市绿地如何促进人类健康和福祉的文献中，对城市季节性落叶林的研究却很有限。本研究旨在探讨城市落叶林空间为青少年提供的生理和心理恢复潜力，以及青少年对这些空间的空间偏好。我们招募了 120 名参与者，研究了两种典型的城市落叶林景观空间（实验组）和一种城市道路环境（对照组）的恢复潜力。结果表明，观察 15 分钟后，落叶林步道设置（DFTS）组的血压（特别是舒张压（p < 0.01））和脉搏有效降低，恢复情绪显著增加。关于情绪参数的变化，DFTS 组在“兴趣”上的得分更高，在积极情绪方面明显高于其他两组。相关结果表明，密度和水平是影响复杂落叶林空间偏好的关键因素。密度的增加会降低放松的情绪，水平的增加会降低疲劳和兴趣。我们建议（1）在城市落叶林中建造步道，以降低其空间密度，从而提高放松效果，（2）根据森林空间增加景观多样性，以促进用户参与和兴趣。本研究为落叶景观的环境恢复以及基于空间类型构建的城市林业管理者提供了科学依据。
