Research Center for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China.
Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100193, China.
Life Sci Space Res (Amst). 2021 Nov;31:51-58. doi: 10.1016/j.lssr.2021.07.004. Epub 2021 Jul 25.
Circadian rhythm disorder (CRD) in space flight can lead to memory impairment, performance decrements and adverse health outcomes, the main manifestations of which are circadian desynchronization, sleep loss and insomnia. Sleep deprivation (SD) provide the means to evaluate these effects and the risks associated with CRD on ground. Gastrodia elata Blume (GEB) has beneficial effects on the treatment of sleep disturbances and memory loss. Fresh GEB (FG), an unprocessed raw tuber of GEB, has been used as functional health food in Asian countries for a long time. However, the research report of FG to ameliorate memory impairment caused by insomnia or lack of sleep is meager. In this study, ICR male mice were sleep-deprived continuously and water extract of FG (WFG) was orally administrated (3 and 9 g/kg/d, i.g) during the SD process lasted for 25 days, except control and model groups gavage administration with water, positive control group with modafinil (MOD, 0.1 g/kg/d, i.g). We studied the effect of WFG on CRD-induced learning and memory impairment using a set of behavioral analyses including the object location recognition test (OLRT), novel object recognition test (NORT), and the passive avoidance test (PAT). In addition, oxidative stress parameters were assessed by measuring the malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) reactivity in serum and hippocampus. Our results revealed that SD decreased discrimination index (DI) in OLRT and NORT, with shorter latency into the dark chamber in PAT. Both WFG and MOD treatment can reverse these changes (P < 0.05). We concluded that WFG treatment improve CRD-induced learning and memory impairment and oxidative stress damage which makes FG a promising candidate as herbal health product of memory decline in CRD.
航天飞行中的生物钟紊乱（CRD）可导致记忆障碍、表现下降和不良健康后果，其主要表现为昼夜节律失调、睡眠缺失和失眠。睡眠剥夺（SD）提供了评估这些影响和与 CRD 相关风险的手段。天麻（GEB）对治疗睡眠障碍和记忆力下降有有益作用。新鲜天麻（FG），即未加工的天麻原药材，长期以来一直被亚洲国家用作功能性保健食品。然而，关于 FG 改善失眠或睡眠不足引起的记忆障碍的研究报告却很少。在这项研究中，我们连续对 ICR 雄性小鼠进行睡眠剥夺，并用 FG 水提物（WFG）（3 和 9 g/kg/d，ig）进行干预，持续 25 天，除了对照和模型组灌胃用水，阳性对照组用莫达非尼（MOD，0.1 g/kg/d，ig）。我们使用一系列行为分析来研究 WFG 对 CRD 引起的学习和记忆障碍的影响，包括物体位置识别测试（OLRT）、新物体识别测试（NORT）和被动回避测试（PAT）。此外，通过测量血清和海马中的丙二醛（MDA）和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）反应性来评估氧化应激参数。我们的结果表明，SD 降低了 OLRT 和 NORT 中的辨别指数（DI），并缩短了 PAT 进入暗室的潜伏期。WFG 和 MOD 治疗均可逆转这些变化（P < 0.05）。我们得出结论，WFG 治疗可改善 CRD 引起的学习和记忆障碍以及氧化应激损伤，这使得 FG 成为治疗 CRD 相关记忆下降的有前途的草药保健品候选药物。
