Alm Kristian, Guttormsen David S A
Department of Communication and Culture, BI Norwegian Business School, Nydalsveien 37, N-0484 Oslo, Norway.
USN School of Business, Department of Business, Strategy and Political Sciences, University of South-Eastern Norway, Mailbox 7053, N-3007 Drammen, Norway.
J Bus Ethics. 2023;182(2):303-320. doi: 10.1007/s10551-021-04973-3. Epub 2021 Oct 16.
The paper addresses an understudied but highly relevant group of people within corporate organizations and society in general-the marginalized-as well as their narration, and criticism, of personal lived experiences of marginalization in business. They are conventionally perceived to lack traditional forms of power such as public influence, formal authority, education, money, and political positions; however, they still possess the resources to impact their situations, their circumstances, and the structures that determine their situations. Business ethics researchers seldom consider marginalized people's voices and experiences as resources to understand their lives, as demonstrated through a review of 7500 articles published in the and (2000-2019). Only 78 studies included aspects of marginalized groups. 69 of those studies discussed the topic of marginalized groups of people, but without integrating their explicit voices into the text. Only 9 of the 78 articles featured marginalized people's explicit voices about their marginalization experiences incorporated into the text as a source for exploration. None of the identified studies discussed the potential for theorizing based on such voices. This paper contributes to business ethics theory by developing four theoretical possibilities vis-à-vis the critical voices of marginalized people's experiences in business: (a) marginalized theory on critical agency and freedom of speech; (b) the gatekeeping role of academia; (c) primary sources; and (d) a participative perspective. Discussing the theoretical potential of quoting the above voices can enrich business ethics research in terms of the theoretical understanding of marginalized groups in business.
本文探讨了企业组织乃至整个社会中一类研究不足但高度相关的人群——被边缘化者，以及他们对在商业中被边缘化的个人生活经历的叙述和批判。传统观念认为他们缺乏诸如公众影响力、正式权威、教育、金钱和政治地位等传统形式的权力；然而，他们仍然拥有影响自身处境、环境以及决定其处境的结构的资源。商业伦理研究人员很少将被边缘化者的声音和经历视为理解他们生活的资源，对2000年至2019年发表的7500篇文章的回顾就证明了这一点。只有78项研究涉及了边缘化群体的相关方面。其中69项研究讨论了边缘化人群的话题，但并未将他们明确的声音融入文本。在这78篇文章中，只有9篇将被边缘化者关于其边缘化经历的明确声音作为探索的来源纳入了文本。已确定的研究中没有一项讨论基于这些声音进行理论化的可能性。本文通过针对被边缘化者在商业中的经历的批判性声音提出四种理论可能性，为商业伦理理论做出了贡献：（a）关于批判性能动性和言论自由的边缘化理论；（b）学术界的把关作用；（c）原始资料；（d）参与性视角。讨论引用上述声音的理论潜力，可以在对商业中边缘化群体的理论理解方面丰富商业伦理研究。
