Department of Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Behavioral and Social Sciences, University of Groningen.
J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 2021 Sep;47(9):1192-1208. doi: 10.1037/xhp0000934.
Time perception is malleable, and the perceived duration of stimuli can be strongly affected by the sensory response they evoke. Such "temporal illusions" provide a window on how different sensory systems contribute to our sense of time. Evidence suggests that the sensory response to different features affects time perception to different extents, mediated by the level of arousal or surprise that they evoke. This, however, makes it difficult to disentangle effects of the sensory response itself from the derived arousal or surprise effects. Here, we demonstrate that time perception is differentially affected by different stimulus features when arousal and surprise are kept constant. In four temporal discrimination experiments, participants were presented with empty intervals (1.25 s-2.25 s) marked by two briefly presented visual marker stimuli, and judged whether the duration was longer or shorter than a 1.75 s reference. Markers either repeated or changed along one of six feature dimensions, in a manner fully predictable to participants. Repetitions and changes would modulate sensory response magnitudes due to neural repetition suppression. Results showed that intervals were perceived as longer when markers changed in location, size, or numerosity. Conversely, changes in face identity, orientation or luminance did not affect time perception. These results point to neural and functional selectivity in the way different stimulus features affect time perception. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
时间知觉是可塑的，刺激的感知持续时间可以受到它们所引起的感官反应的强烈影响。这种“时间错觉”为我们了解不同感觉系统如何有助于我们的时间感提供了一个窗口。有证据表明，不同特征的感官反应在不同程度上影响时间知觉，这是由它们引起的兴奋或惊讶程度介导的。然而，这使得很难将感官反应本身的影响与由此产生的兴奋或惊讶效果区分开来。在这里，我们证明了当保持兴奋和惊讶不变时，不同的刺激特征会对时间知觉产生不同的影响。在四个时间辨别实验中，参与者呈现了由两个短暂呈现的视觉标记刺激标记的空间隔（1.25 秒-2.25 秒），并判断持续时间是长于还是短于 1.75 秒的参考。标记要么重复，要么沿着六个特征维度中的一个改变，这对参与者来说是完全可预测的。重复和变化会由于神经重复抑制而调节感官反应的幅度。结果表明，当标记在位置、大小或数量上发生变化时，间隔被感知为更长。相反，面部身份、方向或亮度的变化不会影响时间知觉。这些结果表明，不同刺激特征影响时间知觉的方式存在神经和功能选择性。（PsycInfo 数据库记录（c）2021 APA，保留所有权利）。
