Department of Entomology, Plant Pathology, and Nematology, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844-2329.
Department of Plant Science, University of Idaho, Kimberly Research and Extension Center, Kimberly, ID 83844-2333.
Plant Dis. 2022 Mar;106(3):810-817. doi: 10.1094/PDIS-08-21-1852-SR. Epub 2022 Mar 7.
Potato virus Y (PVY) has emerged as the main reason for potato seed lot rejections, seriously affecting seed potato production in the United States throughout the past 20 years. The dynamics of PVY strain abundance and composition in various potato growing areas of the United States has not been well documented or understood up to now. The objective of this study was to find out the prevalence of PVY strains in potato fields in the Pacific Northwest (PNW), including seed potato production systems in the State of Idaho and commercial potato fields in the Columbia Basin of Washington State between 2011 and 2021. Based on the testing of >10,000 foliar samples during Idaho seed certification winter grow-out evaluations of seed potato lots and seed lot trials in Washington State, a dramatic shift in the PVY strain composition was revealed in the PNW between 2011 and 2016. During this time period, the prevalence of the ordinary, PVY strain in seed potato dropped 8- to 10-fold, concomitantly with the rise of recombinant strains PVY and PVY, which together accounted for 98% of all PVY positives by 2021. In Idaho seed potato, PVY strain associated with the potato tuber necrotic ringspot disease (PTNRD) was found to increase threefold between 2011 and 2019, accounting for 24% of all PVY positives in 2019. Mild foliar symptoms induced by recombinant PVY strains may be partially responsible for the proliferation of PVY and PVY in potato crops. A spike of another PTNRD-associated recombinant, PVY-NE11, was recorded in the PNW between 2012 and 2016, but after reaching a 7 to 10% level in 2012 to 2013 this recombinant disappeared from the PNW potato by 2019. Whole genome sequence analysis of the PVY-NE11 suggested this recombinant was introduced in the United States at least three times. The data on PVY strain abundance in the PNW potato crops suggest that virus management strategies must consider the current dominance of the two recombinant PVY strains, PVY and PVY.
马铃薯 Y 病毒（PVY）已成为导致马铃薯种薯批被拒收的主要原因，在过去 20 年里，严重影响了美国的种薯生产。截至目前，美国各马铃薯种植区的 PVY 株系丰度和组成动态尚未得到很好的记录或了解。本研究的目的是了解太平洋西北地区（PNW）马铃薯田间的 PVY 株系流行情况，包括爱达荷州的种薯生产系统和华盛顿州哥伦比亚盆地的商业马铃薯田，时间范围为 2011 年至 2021 年。基于对爱达荷州种薯认证冬季种薯田间评价和华盛顿州种薯批试验中超过 10000 个叶片样本的检测，PNW 地区的 PVY 株系组成在 2011 年至 2016 年间发生了显著变化。在此期间，普通 PVY 株系在种薯中的流行率下降了 8-10 倍，同时重组株系 PVY 和 PVY 上升，到 2021 年，这两种株系共同占所有 PVY 阳性的 98%。在爱达荷州的种薯中，与马铃薯块茎坏死环斑病（PTNRD）相关的 PVY 株系在 2011 年至 2019 年间增加了两倍，占 2019 年所有 PVY 阳性的 24%。重组 PVY 株系引起的轻度叶片症状可能是 PVY 和 PVY 在马铃薯作物中扩散的部分原因。另一种与 PTNRD 相关的重组株系 PVY-NE11 也于 2012 年至 2016 年间在 PNW 记录到一个高峰，但在 2012 年至 2013 年达到 7%至 10%的水平后，到 2019 年，这种重组株系已从 PNW 马铃薯中消失。对 PVY-NE11 的全基因组序列分析表明，这种重组株系至少在美国传入了 3 次。PNW 马铃薯作物中 PVY 株系丰度的数据表明，病毒管理策略必须考虑当前两种重组 PVY 株系 PVY 和 PVY 的主导地位。
