携带 CTC1 两种截断变异的女性除了 Coats 综合征的经典临床特征外还有原发性卵巢功能衰竭。

Primary Ovarian Failure in Addition to Classical Clinical Features of Coats Plus Syndrome in a Female Carrying 2 Truncating Variants of CTC1.

机构信息

Department of Pediatrics, University of Chile, Hospital San Juan de Dios, Santiago, Chile.

Department of Pediatrics, Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile.

出版信息

Horm Res Paediatr. 2021;94(11-12):448-455. doi: 10.1159/000520410. Epub 2021 Oct 27.

Abstract

Coats plus syndrome is an autosomal recessive multisystemic and pleiotropic disorder affecting the eyes, brain, bone, and gastrointestinal tract, usually caused by compound heterozygous variants of the conserved telomere maintenance component 1 gene (CTC1), involved in telomere homeostasis and replication. So far, most reported patients are compound heterozygous for a truncating mutation and a missense variant. The phenotype is believed to result from telomere dysfunction, with accumulation of DNA damage, cellular senescence, and stem cell depletion. Here, we report a 23-year-old female with prenatal and postnatal growth retardation, microcephaly, osteopenia, recurrent fractures, intracranial calcification, leukodystrophy, parenchymal brain cysts, bicuspid aortic valve, and primary ovarian failure. She carries a previously reported maternally inherited pathogenic variant in exon 5 (c.724_727del, p.(Lys242Leufs41)) and a novel, paternally inherited splice site variant (c.1617+5G>T; p.(Lys480Asnfs17)) in intron 9. CTC1 transcript analysis showed that the latter resulted in skipping of exon 9. A trace of transcripts was normally spliced resulting in the presence of a low level of wild-type CTC1 transcripts. We speculate that ovarian failure is caused by telomere shortening or chromosome cohesion failure in oocytes and granulosa cells, with early decrease in follicular reserve. This is the first patient carrying 2 truncating CTC1 variants and the first presenting primary ovarian failure.

摘要

coats 综合征是一种常染色体隐性多系统和多效性疾病,影响眼睛、大脑、骨骼和胃肠道,通常由保守端粒维持成分 1 基因(CTC1)的复合杂合变异引起,该基因参与端粒稳态和复制。到目前为止,大多数报道的患者均为截短突变和错义变异的复合杂合子。该表型被认为是由于端粒功能障碍,导致 DNA 损伤积累、细胞衰老和干细胞耗竭。在这里,我们报告了一例 23 岁女性,存在产前和产后生长迟缓、小头畸形、骨质疏松、反复骨折、颅内钙化、脑白质营养不良、实质脑囊肿、二叶主动脉瓣和原发性卵巢功能衰竭。她携带一个先前报道的母系遗传致病性变异(exon 5 c.724_727del,p.(Lys242Leufs41))和一个新的父系遗传剪接位点变异(c.1617+5G>T;p.(Lys480Asnfs17))在 intron 9 中。CTC1 转录本分析表明,后者导致 exon 9 跳跃。正常剪接产生了微量的转录本,导致野生型 CTC1 转录本水平较低。我们推测卵巢功能衰竭是由于卵母细胞和颗粒细胞中的端粒缩短或染色体凝聚失败导致卵泡储备早期减少所致。这是首例携带 2 个截断 CTC1 变异体和首例表现为原发性卵巢功能衰竭的患者。

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