Niu Xiaoqian, Zhou Shenghu, Deng Yu
National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China.
Jiangsu Provincial Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China.
Sheng Wu Gong Cheng Xue Bao. 2021 Oct 25;37(10):3505-3519. doi: 10.13345/j.cjb.210407.
Denitrification is an indispensable part of most sewage treatment systems. The biological denitrification process has attracted much attention in the past decades due to the advantages such as cost-effectiveness, process simplicity, and absence of secondary pollution. This review summarized the advances on biological denitrification processes in recent years according to the different physiological characteristics and denitrification mechanisms of denitrification microorganisms. The pros and cons of different biological denitrification processes developed based on nitrifying bacteria, denitrifying bacteria, and anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria were compared with the aim to identify the best strategy for denitrification in a complex wastewater environment. The rapid development of synthetic biology provides possibilities to develop highly-efficient denitrifying strains based on mechanistic understandings. Combined with the applications of automatic simulation to obtain the optimal denitrification conditions, cost-effective and highly-efficient denitrification processed can be envisioned in the foreseeable future.
反硝化作用是大多数污水处理系统中不可或缺的一部分。在过去几十年里，生物反硝化过程因其具有成本效益、工艺简单和无二次污染等优点而备受关注。本综述根据反硝化微生物的不同生理特性和反硝化机制，总结了近年来生物反硝化过程的进展。比较了基于硝化细菌、反硝化细菌和厌氧氨氧化细菌开发的不同生物反硝化过程的优缺点，旨在确定在复杂废水环境中进行反硝化的最佳策略。合成生物学的快速发展为基于机理理解开发高效反硝化菌株提供了可能性。结合自动模拟的应用以获得最佳反硝化条件，在可预见的未来可以设想出具有成本效益和高效的反硝化工艺。
