Department of Neuroscience, Psychology and Behaviour, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
Leicestershire Partnership NHS Trust, Leicester, UK.
Cogn Neuropsychiatry. 2022 Mar-May;27(2-3):199-218. doi: 10.1080/13546805.2021.1993807. Epub 2021 Oct 28.
Neurocognitive models of hallucinations posit theories of misattribution and deficits in the monitoring of mental or perceptual phenomena but cannot yet account for the subjective experience of hallucinations across individuals and diagnostic categories. Arts-based research methods (ABRM) have potential for advancing research, as art depicts experiences which cognitive neuropsychiatry seeks to explain.
To examine how incorporating ABRM may advance hallucination research and theories, we explore data on the lived experiences of hallucinations in psychiatric and neurological populations. We present a multiple case study of two empirical ABRM studies, which used participant-generated artwork and artist collaborations alongside interviews.
ABRM combined with interviews illustrated that hallucinations were infused with sensory features, characterised by embodiment, and situated within lived circumstances. These findings advance neurocognitive models of hallucinations by nuancing their multimodal nature, illustrating their embodied feelings, and exploring their content and themes. The process of generating artworks aided in disclosing difficult to discuss hallucinations, promoted participant self-reflection, and clarified multimodal details that may have been misconstrued through interview alone. ABRM were relevant and acceptable for participants and researchers.
ABRM may contribute to the development of neurocognitive models of hallucinations by making hallucination experiences more visible, tangible, and accessible.
幻觉的神经认知模型假设了错误归因和对精神或感知现象的监测缺陷的理论，但仍然无法解释跨个体和诊断类别的幻觉的主观体验。艺术为基础的研究方法（ABRM）有可能推进研究，因为艺术描绘了认知神经精神病学试图解释的体验。
为了研究纳入 ABRM 如何可能推进幻觉研究和理论，我们探讨了精神病学和神经病学人群中幻觉的生活体验数据。我们展示了两个实证 ABRM 研究的多案例研究，这些研究使用了参与者生成的艺术作品和艺术家合作以及访谈。
ABRM 与访谈相结合，说明了幻觉充满了感官特征，具有体现性，并处于生活环境中。这些发现通过细微刻画其多模态性质、说明其体现的感觉，以及探索其内容和主题，推进了幻觉的神经认知模型。生成艺术作品的过程有助于揭示难以讨论的幻觉，促进了参与者的自我反思，并澄清了通过访谈可能会误解的多模态细节。ABRM 对参与者和研究人员来说是相关和可接受的。
ABRM 通过使幻觉体验更加可见、有形和易于理解，可能有助于发展幻觉的神经认知模型。
