Couly G
Rev Stomatol Chir Maxillofac. 1987;88(1):64-70.
Despite recent advances in embryology, lingual morphologic development remains partially obscure. Neurophysiology of development of tongue in the fetus and young infant is dominated by the motor orality which requires, at an early stage, both sensorial and motor organization of the brain stem. Starting with this baseline sensorial organization, there develops in the young child a increasingly complex growth gradient of lingual gnosis and praxis (general oral), starting with the spoon-feeding praxis at about 6 months of age. The language eclosion then follows during the second year with helicoidalization of mandibular gesture leading to the "form-inform" tongue at about 7 years of age possessing proprioception of a non-fusorial sensory origin--the absence of this would cause it to be at the mercy of the teeth. An organ which lengthens by contracting clearly merits its own science....
尽管胚胎学最近取得了进展，但舌部形态发育仍部分不明。胎儿和幼儿期舌部发育的神经生理学以运动性口部功能为主导，这在早期需要脑干的感觉和运动组织。从这种基线感觉组织开始，幼儿逐渐形成了越来越复杂的舌部认知和实践（一般口腔功能）生长梯度，始于大约6个月大时的勺喂实践。然后在第二年出现语言萌生，下颌姿势呈螺旋状发展，到大约7岁时形成具有非融合性感觉起源本体感觉的“形式-信息”舌——缺乏这种本体感觉会使其受牙齿摆布。一个通过收缩而延长的器官显然值得拥有自己的科学……
