Li Yong-Shuang, Sun Bo, Chen Ju-Hong, Peng Xia-Wei, Bai Zhi-Hui, Zhuang Xu-Liang
College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2021 Nov 8;42(11):5554-5562. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.202103109.
Aerobic composting is an important approach to treat livestock manure; however, traditional composting has some problems, such as low efficiency, or odorous pollution. In order to speed up the composting process and reduce malodorous gas emissions, this study explored the mechanism of nano-membrane for improving the efficiency of livestock manure composting. A trough aerobic composting experiment was set up to evaluate the physicochemical properties, enzyme activities, and emission of odorous gases. The results showed that covering with nano-membrane could accelerate the temperature rise; reduce the pH, organic matter(OM), and ammonia nitrogen(NH-N); increase electrical conductivity(EC); enhance the activities of urease, protease, cellulase, xylanase, and peroxidase; while the total cumulative emissions of NH, HS, and TVOC were reduced by 58%, 100%, and 61%, respectively. The correlation analysis showed that most enzyme activities were easily affected by temperature(), EC, OM, and C/N. The emission rate of NH was positively correlated with and negatively correlated with pH, and TVOC was significantly correlated with various physicochemical properties. This experiment showed that covering nano-membrane could accelerate the compost maturity and reduce the emission of odorous gases. This approach has no health risks and produces low malodorous gas, which may effectively solve the problem of pollutant emission caused by livestock manure compost fermentation, promoting the green and sustainable development of the breeding industry. In addition, it facilitates livestock manure fertilizer application, and provides technical support for the development of resource utilization of biomass waste.
好氧堆肥是处理畜禽粪便的重要方法；然而，传统堆肥存在一些问题，如效率低或有气味污染。为了加快堆肥进程并减少恶臭气体排放，本研究探索了纳米膜提高畜禽粪便堆肥效率的机制。设置了槽式好氧堆肥试验来评估其理化性质、酶活性和恶臭气体排放。结果表明，覆盖纳米膜可加速升温；降低pH值、有机质（OM）和氨氮（NH-N）；增加电导率（EC）；提高脲酶、蛋白酶、纤维素酶、木聚糖酶和过氧化物酶的活性；而NH₃、H₂S和总挥发性有机化合物（TVOC）的总累积排放量分别减少了58%、100%和61%。相关性分析表明，大多数酶活性容易受到温度（T）、EC、OM和碳氮比（C/N）的影响。NH₃的排放速率与温度呈正相关，与pH值呈负相关，TVOC与各种理化性质显著相关。本试验表明，覆盖纳米膜可加速堆肥腐熟并减少恶臭气体排放。这种方法没有健康风险，产生的恶臭气体少，可有效解决畜禽粪便堆肥发酵造成的污染物排放问题，促进养殖业的绿色可持续发展。此外，它便于畜禽粪便肥料的施用，为生物质废弃物资源利用的发展提供技术支持。
