Halvey Alex Kate, Macdonald Brian, Golovin Kevin, Boban Mathew, Dhyani Abhishek, Lee Duck Hyun, Gose James W, Ceccio Steven L, Tuteja Anish
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States.
Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2021 Nov 10;13(44):53171-53180. doi: 10.1021/acsami.1c14174. Epub 2021 Oct 28.
A wide range of liquid and solid contaminants can adhere to everyday functional surfaces and dramatically alter their performance. Numerous surface modification strategies have been developed that can reduce the fouling of some solids or repel certain liquids but are generally limited to specific contaminants or class of foulants. This is due to the typically distinct mechanisms that are employed to repel liquids vs solids. Here, we demonstrate a rapid and facile surface modification technique that yields a thin film of linear chain siloxane molecules covalently tethered to a surface. We investigate and characterize the liquid-like morphology of these surfaces in detail as the key contributing factor to their anti-fouling performance. This surface treatment is extremely durable and readily repels a broad range of liquids with varying surface tensions and polarities, including water, oils, organic solvents, and even fluorinated solvents. Additionally, the flexible, liquid-like nature of these surfaces enables interfacial slippage, which dramatically reduces adhesion to various types of solids, including ice, wax, calcined gypsum, and cyanoacrylate adhesives, and also minimizes the nucleation of inorganic scale. The developed surfaces are durable and simple to fabricate, and they minimize fouling by both liquids and solids simultaneously.
各种各样的液体和固体污染物会附着在日常功能表面上，从而显著改变其性能。人们已经开发出多种表面改性策略，这些策略可以减少某些固体的污垢或排斥某些液体，但通常仅限于特定的污染物或污垢类别。这是因为排斥液体与固体所采用的机制通常截然不同。在此，我们展示了一种快速且简便的表面改性技术，该技术能产生一层共价连接在表面的线性链硅氧烷分子薄膜。我们详细研究并表征了这些表面的类液体形态，将其作为其防污性能的关键因素。这种表面处理极其耐用，能轻易排斥具有不同表面张力和极性的多种液体，包括水、油、有机溶剂，甚至是氟化溶剂。此外，这些表面的柔性类液体性质能够实现界面滑移，这极大地降低了对各种类型固体的附着力，包括冰、蜡、煅烧石膏和氰基丙烯酸酯粘合剂，同时也使无机垢的成核最小化。所开发的表面耐用且易于制造，它们能同时将液体和固体造成的污垢降至最低。
