COVID-19 疫苗接种与非 COVID-19 死亡率风险-2020 年 12 月 14 日至 2021 年 7 月 31 日期间，美国七个综合医疗保健组织。
COVID-19 Vaccination and Non-COVID-19 Mortality Risk - Seven Integrated Health Care Organizations, United States, December 14, 2020-July 31, 2021.
出版信息
MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2021 Oct 29;70(43):1520-1524. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm7043e2.
By September 21, 2021, an estimated 182 million persons in the United States were fully vaccinated against COVID-19.* Clinical trials indicate that Pfizer-BioNTech (BNT162b2), Moderna (mRNA-1273), and Janssen (Johnson & Johnson; Ad.26.COV2.S) vaccines are effective and generally well tolerated (1-3). However, daily vaccination rates have declined approximately 78% since April 13, 2021; vaccine safety concerns have contributed to vaccine hesitancy (4). A cohort study of 19,625 nursing home residents found that those who received an mRNA vaccine (Pfizer-BioNTech or Moderna) had lower all-cause mortality than did unvaccinated residents (5), but no studies comparing mortality rates within the general population of vaccinated and unvaccinated persons have been conducted. To assess mortality not associated with COVID-19 (non-COVID-19 mortality) after COVID-19 vaccination in a general population setting, a cohort study was conducted during December 2020-July 2021 among approximately 11 million persons enrolled in seven Vaccine Safety Datalink (VSD) sites. After standardizing mortality rates by age and sex, this study found that COVID-19 vaccine recipients had lower non-COVID-19 mortality than did unvaccinated persons. After adjusting for demographic characteristics and VSD site, this study found that adjusted relative risk (aRR) of non-COVID-19 mortality for the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine was 0.41 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.38-0.44) after dose 1 and 0.34 (95% CI = 0.33-0.36) after dose 2. The aRRs of non-COVID-19 mortality for the Moderna vaccine were 0.34 (95% CI = 0.32-0.37) after dose 1 and 0.31 (95% CI = 0.30-0.33) after dose 2. The aRR after receipt of the Janssen vaccine was 0.54 (95% CI = 0.49-0.59). There is no increased risk for mortality among COVID-19 vaccine recipients. This finding reinforces the safety profile of currently approved COVID-19 vaccines in the United States.
截至 2021 年 9 月 21 日，美国估计有 1.82 亿人完全接种了 COVID-19 疫苗。*临床试验表明，辉瑞-生物技术公司（BNT162b2）、莫德纳（mRNA-1273）和杨森（强生；Ad.26.COV2.S）疫苗是有效且通常具有良好耐受性的（1-3）。然而，自 2021 年 4 月 13 日以来，每日疫苗接种率下降了约 78%；疫苗安全问题导致了疫苗犹豫（4）。一项针对 19625 名养老院居民的队列研究发现，接受 mRNA 疫苗（辉瑞-生物技术公司或莫德纳）接种的人比未接种疫苗的居民全因死亡率更低（5），但尚未进行比较接种和未接种人群一般人群内死亡率的研究。为了评估 COVID-19 疫苗接种后与 COVID-19 无关的死亡率（非 COVID-19 死亡率），在 2020 年 12 月至 2021 年 7 月期间，一项针对大约 1100 万在七个疫苗安全数据链接（VSD）站点登记的人群的队列研究进行了。在按年龄和性别标准化死亡率后，本研究发现 COVID-19 疫苗接种者的非 COVID-19 死亡率低于未接种者。在调整人口统计学特征和 VSD 站点后，本研究发现辉瑞-生物技术公司疫苗的非 COVID-19 死亡率的调整相对风险（aRR）在第 1 剂后为 0.41（95%置信区间[CI]为 0.38-0.44），在第 2 剂后为 0.34（95% CI 为 0.33-0.36）。莫德纳疫苗的非 COVID-19 死亡率 aRR 在第 1 剂后为 0.34（95% CI 为 0.32-0.37），在第 2 剂后为 0.31（95% CI 为 0.30-0.33）。杨森疫苗接种后的 aRR 为 0.54（95% CI 为 0.49-0.59）。COVID-19 疫苗接种者的死亡率没有增加风险。这一发现强化了美国目前批准的 COVID-19 疫苗的安全性。
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