Department of Research, Women's Wellness and Research Center, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
Department of Psychology, Kingston University London, Kingston upon Thames, United Kingdom.
PLoS One. 2021 Oct 28;16(10):e0258967. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0258967. eCollection 2021.
Abnormal fetal growth can be associated with factors during pregnancy and at postpartum.
In this study, we aimed to assess the incidence, risk factors, and feto-maternal outcomes associated with small-for-gestational age (SGA) and large-for-gestational age (LGA) infants.
We performed a population-based retrospective study on 14,641 singleton live births registered in the PEARL-Peristat Study between April 2017 and March 2018 in Qatar. We estimated the incidence and examined the risk factors and outcomes using univariate and multivariate analysis.
SGA and LGA incidence rates were 6.0% and 15.6%, respectively. In-hospital mortality among SGA and LGA infants was 2.5% and 0.3%, respectively, while for NICU admission or death in labor room and operation theatre was 28.9% and 14.9% respectively. Preterm babies were more likely to be born SGA (aRR, 2.31; 95% CI, 1.45-3.57) but male infants (aRR, 0.57; 95% CI, 0.4-0.81), those born to parous (aRR 0.66; 95% CI, 0.45-0.93), or overweight (aRR, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.42-0.97) mothers were less likely to be born SGA. On the other hand, males (aRR, 1.82; 95% CI, 1.49-2.19), infants born to parous mothers (aRR 2.16; 95% CI, 1.63-2.82), or to mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus (aRR 1.36; 95% CI, 1.11-1.66), or pre-gestational diabetes mellitus (aRR 2.58; 95% CI, 1.8-3.47) were significantly more likely to be LGA. SGA infants were at high risk of in-hospital mortality (aRR, 226.56; 95% CI, 3.47-318.22), neonatal intensive care unit admission or death in labor room or operation theatre (aRR, 2.14 (1.36-3.22).
Monitoring should be coordinated to alleviate the risks of inappropriate fetal growth and the associated adverse consequences.
胎儿生长异常可能与孕期和产后的因素有关。
本研究旨在评估与小于胎龄儿（SGA）和大于胎龄儿（LGA）相关的发生率、危险因素和母婴结局。
我们对 2017 年 4 月至 2018 年 3 月期间在卡塔尔 PEARL-Peristat 研究中登记的 14641 例单胎活产进行了基于人群的回顾性研究。我们使用单变量和多变量分析来估计发生率并检查危险因素和结局。
SGA 和 LGA 的发生率分别为 6.0%和 15.6%。SGA 和 LGA 婴儿的院内死亡率分别为 2.5%和 0.3%，而新生儿重症监护病房入院或产房和手术室死亡的比例分别为 28.9%和 14.9%。早产儿更有可能是 SGA（ARR，2.31；95%CI，1.45-3.57），但男性婴儿（ARR，0.57；95%CI，0.4-0.81）、经产妇（ARR，0.66；95%CI，0.45-0.93）或超重（ARR，0.64；95%CI，0.42-0.97）母亲的婴儿不太可能是 SGA。另一方面，男性（ARR，1.82；95%CI，1.49-2.19）、经产妇（ARR，2.16；95%CI，1.63-2.82）或患有妊娠期糖尿病（ARR，1.36；95%CI，1.11-1.66）或孕前糖尿病（ARR，2.58；95%CI，1.8-3.47）的婴儿更有可能是 LGA。SGA 婴儿院内死亡率高（ARR，226.56；95%CI，3.47-318.22），新生儿重症监护病房入院或产房和手术室死亡的风险较高（ARR，2.14（1.36-3.22）。
应协调监测，以减轻胎儿生长不当和相关不良后果的风险。
