Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Centre for Accident Research and Road Safety - Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
Central Queensland University, Appleton Institute for Behavioural Science, Adelaide, Australia.
Accid Anal Prev. 2021 Dec;163:106432. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2021.106432. Epub 2021 Oct 26.
Collisions between road users and trains at urban railway level crossings persist, despite active protection. The number of railway level crossings in most settings render their removal unfeasible. To effectively reduce or manage risk, alternative treatments are required. Increases in road and rail traffic invariably result in congestion issues at urban railway level crossings, which influences non-compliances by road users. Automated enforcement is one form of treatment that is being considered to reduce such non-compliances. This study conceptualised and adopted a before-after design to evaluate the effect of a conspicuous monitoring system on non-compliances by vehicular road users at an active level crossing. Baseline measurements of vehicle movements and level crossing status were recorded for two months. Conspicuous cameras and radar were subsequently installed, and a further month of data was recorded. Non-compliances with flashing lights were extracted and arranged into "must stop" and "should stop if safe to do so" categories, aligning with road rules at traffic lights. Non-compliances frequently occurred (N = 1,086) with most (94%) of the latter category and ascribed to a lack of an advanced warning before crossing closure. Analysis with Generalised Linear Models revealed that non-compliances where drivers must stop reduced by 36% (from 13.4% to 8.6%) following the introduction of a conspicuous automated monitoring system, even though no actual enforcement was performed. This study suggests that non-compliances at railway level crossings have the potential to be reduced through the introduction of automated enforcement similar to the one used at traffic lights.
尽管采取了积极的保护措施，但在城市铁路平交道口，行人和火车之间仍会发生碰撞。在大多数情况下，铁路平交道口的数量太多，无法将其拆除。为了有效降低或管理风险，需要采取替代措施。道路和铁路交通量的增加不可避免地会导致城市铁路平交道口的拥堵问题，这影响了行人和车辆的遵守情况。自动执法是正在考虑用来减少这种违规行为的一种处理方法。本研究采用前后设计的方法，来评估在活跃的平交道口处，显眼的监控系统对车辆违规行为的影响。在两个月的时间里，记录了车辆运动和道口状态的基线测量数据。随后安装了显眼的摄像头和雷达，并记录了另一个月的数据。从记录中提取了与闪烁的灯光不相符的违规行为，并将其排列为“必须停车”和“如果安全的话应该停车”两类，与交通灯的道路规则一致。违规行为经常发生（N=1086），其中大多数（94%）属于后一类，原因是在道口关闭前缺乏预警。广义线性模型分析显示，引入显眼的自动化监测系统后，司机必须停车的违规行为减少了 36%（从 13.4%降至 8.6%），尽管没有实际执行执法。本研究表明，通过引入类似于交通灯使用的自动化执法，可以减少铁路平交道口的违规行为。
