Hariri Sanam, Davari Sabereh, Malekzadeh Zeinab, Mohammadi Zahra, Masoudi Sahar, Gandomkar Abdullah, Amini-Kafiabad Sedigheh, Maghsoudloo Mahtab, Merat Shahin, Poustchi Hossein, Malekzadeh Fatemeh
Liver and Pancreatobiliary Diseases Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Digestive Diseases Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Middle East J Dig Dis. 2021 Apr;13(2):95-102. doi: 10.34172/mejdd.2021.211. Epub 2021 May 29.
BACKGROUND Hepatitis B and C virus (HBV and HCV) infections rank among the most frequent infectious diseases with a rising worldwide burden. However, their epidemiology and risk factors are understudied in many regions, including Iran. METHODS This study was conducted as part of the Pars Cohort Study (PCS) in Valashahr district, Fars province (2012-2014). Participants received venipuncture for HBsAg and HCV antibody, followed by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) testing. All infected people and their comparison groups completed a risk assessment questionnaire. RESULTS Overall, 9,269 people participated in the study; the majority were women and of Fars ethnicity. Prevalence of HBsAg and HCV antibody was 2.3% (n = 215) and 0.3% (n = 26), from whom 23% (n = 47) and 13% (n = 3) had indications for treatment, respectively. During follow-up, among HBsAg-positive individuals who were not on treatment, 62% tested negative for HBsAg, and in 2% HBV DNA had risen to treatment levels. Risk factors for HBV infection were illiteracy [OR = 3.43, 95% CI = 1.1, 10.3], and Turk ethnicity compared to Fars [OR = 1.58, 95% CI = 1.1, 2.3]. History of blood transfusion [OR = 2.00, 95% CI = 1.1, 3.5] and history of drug use [OR = 2.85, 95% CI = 1.1, 7.4] were associated with HCV infection, after adjustment. CONCLUSION Further epidemiological studies are needed to identify at-risk populations in different regions. Preventive interventions, including educational programs and transfusion safety strategies, are crucial for reducing the hepatitis burden.
背景 乙型和丙型肝炎病毒（HBV和HCV）感染是最常见的传染病之一，全球负担不断加重。然而，在包括伊朗在内的许多地区，对其流行病学和危险因素的研究较少。方法 本研究作为设拉子队列研究（PCS）的一部分，于2012年至2014年在法尔斯省瓦拉沙尔区进行。参与者接受静脉穿刺检测HBsAg和HCV抗体，随后进行聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测。所有感染者及其对照组均完成了风险评估问卷。结果 总体而言，9269人参与了该研究；大多数为女性，属于法尔斯族裔。HBsAg和HCV抗体的患病率分别为2.3%（n = 215）和0.3%（n = 26），其中分别有23%（n = 47）和13%（n = 3）有治疗指征。在随访期间，未接受治疗的HBsAg阳性个体中，62%的HBsAg检测呈阴性，2%的HBV DNA上升至治疗水平。HBV感染的危险因素为文盲[比值比（OR）= 3.43，95%置信区间（CI）= 1.1，10.3]，与法尔斯族相比，土库曼族裔[OR = 1.58，95% CI = 1.1，2.3]。调整后，输血史[OR = 2.00，95% CI = 1.1，3.5]和吸毒史[OR = 2.85，95% CI = 1.1，7.4]与HCV感染相关。结论 需要进一步开展流行病学研究，以确定不同地区的高危人群。包括教育项目和输血安全策略在内的预防干预措施对于减轻肝炎负担至关重要。
