Mangiapane Sandra, Zhu Linda, Schulz Mandy
Vorstandsbereich, Zentralinstitut für die kassenärztliche Versorgung (ZI), Salzufer 8, 10587, Berlin, Deutschland.
Fachbereich Data Science und Versorgungsanalysen, Zentralinstitut für die kassenärztliche Versorgung (ZI), Berlin, Deutschland.
Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz. 2021 Dec;64(12):1551-1558. doi: 10.1007/s00103-021-03444-4. Epub 2021 Oct 28.
The COVID-19 pandemic has greatly changed the utilization of ambulatory medical care. Studies indicate that this also includes a decrease in pediatric prevention services.
The aim of the study was to determine how the utilization of pediatric prevention services, in particular screening examinations and immunizations, developed over the course of the first pandemic wave until the end of September 2020 compared with the years 2015 to 2019.
A data analysis based on nationwide statutory medical claims data from the first quarter of 2015 to the third quarter of 2020 was conducted. All treatments of patients aged 0 to 17 years were included and the quarterly case numbers compared on an annual basis. By considering trends and seasonality, preventive and curative treatment cases were modelled as a time series and compared to their expected values.
No decreases in the quarterly numbers of screening examinations or immunizations were observed in 2020. In contrast, the number of curative pediatric cases decreased significantly in the second and third quarters of 2020 compared with the same periods of the previous years. Since there was no drop in the number of screening examinations, it should be assumed that the health problems addressed in this framework are detected in a timely manner despite the COVID-19 pandemic. However, since screenings do not cover all age groups, further investigation should be conducted to determine the health consequences of the observed decrease in curative cases.
新冠疫情极大地改变了门诊医疗服务的利用情况。研究表明，这还包括儿科预防服务的减少。
本研究的目的是确定与2015年至2019年相比，在2020年9月底之前的第一波疫情期间，儿科预防服务的利用情况，特别是筛查检查和免疫接种情况是如何发展的。
基于2015年第一季度至2020年第三季度全国法定医疗理赔数据进行数据分析。纳入了所有0至17岁患者的治疗情况，并按年度比较季度病例数。通过考虑趋势和季节性，将预防性和治疗性治疗病例建模为时间序列，并与其预期值进行比较。
2020年未观察到筛查检查或免疫接种的季度数量下降。相比之下，与前几年同期相比，2020年第二和第三季度儿科治疗病例数显著下降。由于筛查检查数量没有下降，应该假定尽管存在新冠疫情，但在此框架内解决的健康问题仍能及时被发现。然而，由于筛查并未覆盖所有年龄组，应进一步调查以确定所观察到的治疗病例减少对健康的影响。
