Department of Trauma Surgery, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea.
Department of Trauma Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea.
Medicine (Baltimore). 2021 Oct 29;100(43):e27623. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000027623.
The occurrence of trauma is associated with various factors, including weather. We aimed to elucidate the relationship between local weather factors and the incidence of trauma to effectively manage and treat patients in a community setting. A retrospective study was conducted at a single center from January 2016 to December 2019. The study participants were trauma patients in the Cheongju area where the regional trauma center is located. Weather data including average daily temperature (°C), rainfall duration (hours), amount of rainfall (mm), average relative humidity (%), wind speed (m/s), and total sunlight hours per day were collected. One-way analysis of variance, correlation analysis, and linear regression analysis were performed. The average age of the participants (n = 3352) was 52.69 years. As regards seasonal difference in the incidence of trauma, there were more patients in spring than in winter (2.42/day vs 2.06/day, P = .05). The highest number of average daily trauma incidents occurred from April to June, and the difference between this value and that from January to February was significant (F = 2.20, P = .01). According to the distributed lag nonlinear model (DLnM), the relative risk is greater than 1 when the mean temperature is high (>15°C) compared to when the temperature is low (<15°C). The trauma patient prevalence was the highest at high wind speed (4.5 m/s). When the total amount of sunlight was long (>Ref. 8 hours), the trauma patient prevalence was relatively higher than the median value (lag = 0). DLnM analysis results showed that the relative risk of trauma patients increased as the amount of precipitation increased, and the incidence of trauma increased when the relative humidity was 40% to 50%. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that high average daily temperatures and long average daily total sunlight hours resulted in an increased incidence of trauma (F = 6.605, P < .001). An increase in temperature, an increase in the daily sunlight hours, an increase in rainfall, high wind speed, and relative humidity of 40% to 50% are associated with a relatively high risk of trauma.
创伤的发生与多种因素有关，包括天气。我们旨在阐明当地天气因素与创伤发生率之间的关系，以便在社区环境中有效管理和治疗患者。一项回顾性研究在 2016 年 1 月至 2019 年 12 月期间在一家单中心进行。研究参与者为位于地区创伤中心的清州市地区的创伤患者。收集了包括平均日温（°C）、降雨持续时间（小时）、降雨量（mm）、平均相对湿度（%）、风速（m/s）和每天总日照时间在内的天气数据。进行了单因素方差分析、相关分析和线性回归分析。参与者（n=3352）的平均年龄为 52.69 岁。关于创伤发生率的季节性差异，春季的患者多于冬季（2.42/天比 2.06/天，P=.05）。平均每日创伤事件数最高的是从 4 月到 6 月，这一数值与 1 月到 2 月之间的差异显著（F=2.20，P=.01）。根据分布式滞后非线性模型（DLnM），与温度较低（<15°C）相比，温度较高（>15°C）时相对风险大于 1。在高风速（4.5 m/s）时，创伤患者的患病率最高。当总日照时间较长（>参考值 8 小时）时，创伤患者的患病率相对高于中位数（滞后=0）。DLnM 分析结果表明，随着降水量的增加，创伤患者的相对风险增加，当相对湿度在 40%至 50%之间时，创伤发生率增加。多元线性回归分析显示，平均日温升高和平均日总日照时间延长会导致创伤发生率增加（F=6.605，P<.001）。温度升高、日日照时间增加、降雨量增加、大风速和相对湿度在 40%至 50%之间与创伤风险较高相关。
