Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3815-7244.
Clinical Research Center, Fundación Valle del Lili, Cali, Colombia. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4089-454X.
J Opioid Manag. 2021 Sep-Oct;17(5):383-388. doi: 10.5055/jom.2021.0671.
(1) To estimate the prevalence, geographic distribution, and demographic characteristics of patients diagnosed with mental and behavioral disorders due to the use of opioids in Colombia, between 2009 and 2018. (2) To describe the opioid sales trends in Colombia over the last few years.
We conducted an observational study analyzing information from Individual National Registry of Health Services and the Colombian official database for pharmaceuticals prices and quantities sold. The included ICD-10 codes were mental and behavioral disorders due to the use of opioids (F11) codes subdivisions.
12,557 cases of mental and behavioral disorders due to opioid use were reported, with a rate of 3.0 per 100,000 inhabitants for the studied period. Men represented 74.2 percent, with a male:female ratio of 2.9:1. The highest prevalence was found between 20 and 24 years, in the northwest Colombian area. A progressive increase in the total number of opioid units sold during the study period was found, and the most frequently sold opioids were tramadol (55 percent) and codeine (20 percent).
Recognition of opioid use disorders has increased in the last 10 years; it affects more males than females, mostly young adults, and is higher in certain affluent regions of Colombia. We found a progressive annual increase in the sales of opioids in the country, which could be related to the increase in the rate of registries. Studies that have analyzed opioid abuse in Latin America are limited, and further studies are needed to evaluate this situation in middle-income countries from the region.
（1）估计 2009 年至 2018 年间哥伦比亚因使用阿片类药物而被诊断患有精神和行为障碍的患者的流行率、地理分布和人口统计学特征。（2）描述过去几年哥伦比亚阿片类药物销售趋势。
我们进行了一项观察性研究，分析了来自国家卫生服务个人登记处和哥伦比亚药品价格和销售数量官方数据库的信息。纳入的 ICD-10 代码是精神和行为障碍归因于阿片类药物使用（F11）代码细分。
报告了 12557 例精神和行为障碍归因于阿片类药物使用的病例，研究期间的发病率为每 10 万人中有 3.0 例。男性占 74.2%，男女比例为 2.9:1。在西北哥伦比亚地区，20 至 24 岁之间的患病率最高。研究期间发现，阿片类药物销售总量呈递增趋势，销售最频繁的阿片类药物是曲马多（55%）和可待因（20%）。
在过去的 10 年中，对阿片类药物使用障碍的认识有所增加；它影响的男性多于女性，主要是年轻成年人，在哥伦比亚某些富裕地区更为高发。我们发现该国阿片类药物的销售量逐年递增，这可能与登记率的增加有关。分析拉丁美洲阿片类药物滥用的研究有限，需要进一步研究来评估该地区中等收入国家的这种情况。
