Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physical Therapy, College of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.
Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.
PLoS One. 2021 Oct 29;16(10):e0259307. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259307. eCollection 2021.
Participation and activity post stroke can be limited due to adverse weather conditions. This study aimed to: Quantify and compare summer and winter participation and activity, and explore how community dwelling people with stroke describe their feelings about their level of participation and activity by season. This embedded mixed-methods observational study took place in a city with weather extremes. Community dwelling individuals at least one year post-stroke, able to walk ≥50 metres +/- a walking aide were included. Evaluations and interviews occurred at participants' homes in two seasons: Reintegration to Normal living Index (RNL), Activities-specific Balance Confidence (ABC) and descriptive outcomes. Participants wore activity monitors for one week each season. Analysis included descriptive statistics, non-parametric tests and an inductive approach to content analysis. Thirteen individuals participated in quantitative evaluation with eight interviewed. Mean age 61.5 years, 62% female and mean 6.2 years post-stroke. No differences between winter-summer values of RNL, ABC, or activity monitor outcomes. However, participants felt they could do more and were more independent in summer. The winter conditions such as ice, snow, cold and wind restricted participation and limited activities. Nonetheless, many participants were active and participated despite the winter challenges by finding other ways to be active, and relying on social supports and personal motivation. The qualitative findings explained unexpected quantitative results. Participants described many challenges with winter weather, but also ways they had discovered to participate and be active despite these challenges. Changes to future studies into seasonal differences are suggested.
参与和活动在中风后可能会受到不利天气条件的限制。本研究旨在：量化和比较夏季和冬季的参与和活动，并探讨社区中风患者如何描述他们对季节性参与和活动水平的感受。这项嵌入式混合方法观察性研究在一个天气极端的城市进行。包括至少在中风后一年、能够行走≥50 米/ +/-步行辅助器的社区居住者。在两个季节的参与者家中进行评估和访谈：正常生活指数（RNL）、活动特定平衡信心（ABC）和描述性结果。参与者在每个季节佩戴活动监测器一周。分析包括描述性统计、非参数检验和内容分析的归纳方法。13 名参与者参加了定量评估，其中 8 名接受了访谈。平均年龄 61.5 岁，女性占 62%，中风后平均 6.2 年。RNL、ABC 或活动监测器结果的冬季-夏季值之间没有差异。然而，参与者觉得他们在夏天可以做更多的事情，并且更加独立。冬季的条件，如冰、雪、寒冷和风，限制了参与和活动。尽管如此，许多参与者还是很活跃，并且尽管冬季面临挑战，他们还是通过寻找其他方式来保持活跃，并依靠社会支持和个人动力。定性结果解释了意想不到的定量结果。参与者描述了冬季天气带来的许多挑战，但也描述了他们发现的参与和保持活跃的方法，尽管面临这些挑战。建议对季节性差异的未来研究进行更改。
