Gdansk University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, 11/12 Narutowicza St., Gdansk, 80-233, Poland.
Gdansk University of Technology, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Department of Water and Wastewater Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza St., Gdansk, 80-233, Poland.
Chemosphere. 2022 Feb;288(Pt 3):132637. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132637. Epub 2021 Oct 26.
The paper presents a study regarding the identification of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in fresh waters and surface sediments on the western shore of Admiralty Bay over four sampling seasons from 2017 to 2018. The results were compared to literature data from 2016 to provide a more comprehensive image of the environmental fate of PAHs over the years. The highest value of Σ PAHs was 82.9 ng/L and 445 ng/g dw in water and sediment samples, respectively. The analysis of PAH indicator ratio values showed that pyrogenic or mixed sources contribute to the PAH pollution in Antarctic sediments and water more than does petroleum. The main source is the combustion of biomass (e.g. as a result of fires) and coal, and PAHs are mostly associated with the activity of stations or are transported to a lesser extent by long-range atmospheric transport (LRAT) from South America. The values of the ΣLMW/ΣHMW ratio in sediments indicate that petrogenic sources contribute to PAH contamination, but among the six PAH ratios tested, petrogenic sources were identified as dominant in approximately 17-19% of cases. Lack of coherence in the obtained results confirms the mixed origin of PAHs in the studied samples. Although the differentiation of PAHs sources is still ambiguous, caution is recommended in light of the Antarctic system's evident and rapid response to global and local PAH emissions, and the dependency of accumulation and release cycle processes on weather conditions. A reduction in petrol usage in favour of renewable energy sources, and restriction of tourism are strongly recommended for better preservation of the pristine Antarctic environment.
本文针对 2017 年至 2018 年四个采样季节在 Admiralty 湾西岸的新鲜水和表层沉积物中多环芳烃（PAHs）的识别进行了研究。将这些结果与 2016 年的文献数据进行了比较，以便更全面地了解多年来 PAHs 的环境归宿。ΣPAHs 的最高值分别为水中 82.9ng/L 和沉积物中 445ng/gdw。PAH 指示比值分析表明，在南极沉积物和水中，与石油相比，更多地来自于源自于天然源或混合源的 PAH 污染。主要来源是生物质（例如火灾）和煤的燃烧，并且 PAHs 主要与站的活动有关，或者在较小程度上通过长程大气输送（LRAT）从南美洲输送而来。沉积物中 ΣLMW/ΣHMW 比值的值表明，源自于天然源的 PAHs 污染，但在所测试的六个 PAH 比值中，约有 17-19%的情况下鉴定出源自于天然源。所得结果的不一致性证实了研究样本中 PAHs 的混合来源。尽管 PAHs 来源的区分仍然不明确，但鉴于南极系统对全球和局部 PAH 排放的明显和快速响应，以及积累和释放循环过程对天气条件的依赖性，应谨慎对待。强烈建议减少对石油的使用，转而使用可再生能源，并限制旅游业，以更好地保护原始的南极环境。
