Campus Universitario, Universidad San Jorge, Autov A23 km 299, Villanueva de Gállego, Zaragoza, 50830, Spain.
Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2022 Mar;32(3):533-542. doi: 10.1111/sms.14091. Epub 2021 Nov 9.
The aim of this study was to compare the effects of two 10-week non-laboratory-based running retraining programs on foot kinematics and spatiotemporal parameters in recreational runners. One hundred and three recreational runners (30 ± 7.2 years old, 39% females) were randomly assigned to either: a barefoot retraining group (BAR) with 3 sessions/week over 10 weeks, a cadence retraining group (CAD) who increased cadence by 10% again with 3 sessions/week over 10 weeks and a control group (CON) who did not perform any retraining. The footstrike pattern, footstrike angle (FSA), and spatial-temporal variables at comfortable and high speeds were measured using 2D/3D photogrammetry and a floor-based photocell system. A 3 × 2 ANOVA was used to compare between the groups and 2 time points. The FSA significantly reduced at the comfortable speed by 5.81° for BAR (p < 0.001; Cohen's d = 0.749) and 4.81° for CAD (p = 0.002; Cohen's d = 0.638), and at high speed by 6.54° for BAR (p < 0.001; Cohen's d = 0.753) and by 4.71° for CAD (p = 0.001; Cohen's d = 0.623). The cadence significantly increased by 2% in the CAD group (p = 0.015; Cohen's d = 0.344) at comfortable speed and the BAR group showed a 1.7% increase at high speed. BAR and CAD retraining programs showed a moderate effect for reducing FSA and rearfoot prevalence, and a small effect for increasing cadence. Both offer low-cost and feasible tools for gait modification within recreational runners in clinical scenarios.
本研究旨在比较两种非实验室基于跑步的再训练方案对休闲跑者足部运动学和时空参数的影响。103 名休闲跑者（30±7.2 岁，39%为女性）被随机分为三组：赤脚再训练组（BAR），每周 3 次，共 10 周；步频再训练组（CAD），每周 3 次，步频增加 10%，共 10 周；对照组（CON），不进行任何再训练。使用二维/三维摄影测量法和基于地面的光电系统测量舒适和高速时的足部着地模式、足部着地角度（FSA）和时空变量。采用 3×2 ANOVA 比较组间和 2 个时间点。BAR 组在舒适速度下 FSA 显著降低 5.81°（p<0.001；Cohen's d=0.749），CAD 组降低 4.81°（p=0.002；Cohen's d=0.638），在高速下 BAR 组降低 6.54°（p<0.001；Cohen's d=0.753），CAD 组降低 4.71°（p=0.001；Cohen's d=0.623）。CAD 组在舒适速度下步频增加 2%（p=0.015；Cohen's d=0.344），BAR 组在高速下增加 1.7%。BAR 和 CAD 再训练方案可显著降低 FSA 和后足着地的发生率，增加步频，效果中等。这两种方案都为临床环境下休闲跑者的步态改变提供了低成本且可行的工具。
