Thai Red Cross Emerging Infectious Diseases Clinical Center, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand.
Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol. 2022 Sep;40(3):269-277. doi: 10.12932/AP-250721-1197.
Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 (CoronaVac®, Sinovac, or SV) and ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (Vaxzevria®, Oxford-Astra Zeneca, or AZ) vaccines have been administered to the health care workers (HCWs).
To determine the short-term immune response after the SV and AZ vaccinations in HCWs.
In this prospective cohort study, HCWs who completed a 2-dose regimen of the SV or AZ were included. Immune response was evaluated by surrogate viral neutralization test (sVNT) and anti-SARS-CoV-2 total antibody. Blood samples were analyzed at 4 and 12 weeks after the complete vaccination. The primary outcome was the seroconversion rate at 4-weeks after complete immunization.
Overall, 185 HCWs with a median (IQR) age of 40.5 (30.3-55.8) years (94 HCWs in the SV group and 91 in the AZ group) were included. At 4 weeks after completing the SV vaccination, 60.6% (95%CI: 50.0-70.6%) had seroconversion evaluated by sVNT (≥ 68% inhibition), comparable to the patients recovered from mild COVID-19 infection (69.0%), with a rapid reduction to 12.2% (95%CI: 6.3-20.8) at 12 weeks. In contrast, 85.7% (95%CI: 76.8-92.2%) HCWs who completed two doses of the AZ for 4 weeks had seroconversion, comparable to the COVID-19 pneumonia patients (92.5%), with a reduction to 39.2% (95%CI: 28.4-50.9%) at 12 weeks. When using the anti-SARS-CoV-2 total antibody level (≥ 132 U/ml) criteria, only 71.3% HCWs in the SV group had seroconversion, compared to 100% in the AZ group at 4 weeks.
A rapid decline of short-term immune response in the HCWs after the SV vaccination indicates the need for a vaccine booster, particularly during the ongoing spreading of the SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern.
已为医护人员（HCWs）接种了灭活的 SARS-CoV-2（科兴中维或 SV）和 ChAdOx1 nCoV-19（Vaxzevria®，牛津-阿斯利康或 AZ）疫苗。
确定 SV 和 AZ 疫苗接种后 HCWs 的短期免疫应答。
在这项前瞻性队列研究中，纳入了完成 SV 或 AZ 两剂方案的 HCWs。通过替代病毒中和试验（sVNT）和抗 SARS-CoV-2 总抗体评估免疫应答。在完全接种疫苗后 4 周和 12 周分析血样。主要结局是完全免疫接种后 4 周的血清转化率。
总体而言，纳入了 185 名中位（IQR）年龄为 40.5（30.3-55.8）岁的 HCWs（SV 组 94 名，AZ 组 91 名）。在完成 SV 疫苗接种后 4 周，60.6%（95%CI：50.0-70.6%）通过 sVNT（≥68%抑制）检测到血清转化率，与轻度 COVID-19 感染恢复患者相当（69.0%），12 周时迅速下降至 12.2%（95%CI：6.3-20.8）。相比之下，85.7%（95%CI：76.8-92.2%）完成两剂 AZ 接种 4 周的 HCWs 发生血清转化率，与 COVID-19 肺炎患者相当（92.5%），12 周时下降至 39.2%（95%CI：28.4-50.9%）。当使用抗 SARS-CoV-2 总抗体水平（≥132 U/ml）标准时，SV 组仅 71.3%的 HCWs 发生血清转化率，而 AZ 组在 4 周时为 100%。
SV 疫苗接种后 HCWs 的短期免疫应答迅速下降，表明需要疫苗加强针，特别是在当前 SARS-CoV-2 关注变体传播期间。
