Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin, 300191, China.
Aerospace Environmental Engineering Co., Ltd., Tianjin, 300301, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2022 Mar;29(13):19572-19582. doi: 10.1007/s11356-021-17184-0. Epub 2021 Oct 31.
Evaluating the sustainability of vegetable production is crucial to secure future food supply. A 2-year field study of four different vegetable crops was performed to investigate the effects of inorganic fertilizer and human manure at different ratios on vegetable yields, reactive gaseous nitrogen emissions (GNrEs), reactive nitrogen (Nr) footprint, and net ecosystem economic income (NEEI) by using life cycle analysis. Four fertilization strategies were studied, including CK (no fertilization); CF (inorganic fertilization); CHF1 (human manure /inorganic fertilizer, N ratio = 1:7); and CHF2 (human manure /inorganic fertilizer, N ratio = 1:3). Results showed that compared with CF treatment, both CHF1 and CHF2 treatments increased the NO + NO emissions by 11.8% and 32.4% on average, while decreased the vegetable yields by 6.7% and 7.4%, respectively. Moreover, the addition of human manure increased the proportions of Nr footprint by 6.6% (CHF1) and 2.9% (CHF2) in comparison with CF treatment. However, although CHF2 treatment significantly increased the values of GNrEs and reactive gaseous nitrogen intensity (GNrI) by 8.4% and 12.5%, respectively, in relation to those in CF treatment, it still increased farmers' income by 16,404 CNY ha. These findings suggest that although human manure incorporation could not mitigate Nr releases, the appropriate ratio of inorganic fertilizer and human manure (CHF2) is able to improve net economic income (NEI) and NEEI during intensive vegetable production. Nevertheless, it should be further explored about the relationship between combinatorial treatment of inorganic fertilizer and human manure on Nr release mitigation in intensive vegetable production.
评估蔬菜生产的可持续性对于确保未来的粮食供应至关重要。本研究通过两年田间试验，研究了不同比例的无机肥和人粪肥对蔬菜产量、活性气态氮排放（GNrEs）、活性氮（Nr）足迹和净生态经济收入（NEEI）的影响，采用生命周期分析方法，共研究了 4 种施肥策略，包括 CK（不施肥）；CF（无机肥）；CHF1（人粪肥/无机肥，N 比=1:7）；和 CHF2（人粪肥/无机肥，N 比=1:3）。结果表明，与 CF 处理相比，CHF1 和 CHF2 处理分别平均增加了 11.8%和 32.4%的 NO+NO 排放，同时分别降低了 6.7%和 7.4%的蔬菜产量。此外，与 CF 处理相比，人粪肥的添加分别增加了 Nr 足迹的比例 6.6%（CHF1）和 2.9%（CHF2）。然而，尽管 CHF2 处理与 CF 处理相比，GNrEs 和活性气态氮强度（GNrI）分别显著增加了 8.4%和 12.5%，但仍使农民的收入增加了 16404 元/公顷。这些结果表明，尽管人粪肥的添加不能减少 Nr 的释放，但无机肥与人粪肥的适当比例（CHF2）能够在集约化蔬菜生产中提高净经济收入（NEI）和 NEEI。然而，应该进一步探讨无机肥与人粪肥组合处理在集约化蔬菜生产中减少 Nr 释放的关系。
