Zhong Yifan, Cao Jiahong, Deng Zhaoxi, Ma Yanfei, Liu Jianxin, Wang Haifeng
The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Front Microbiol. 2021 Oct 13;12:757372. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.757372. eCollection 2021.
Both fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) and dietary fiber intervention were verified as effective ways to manipulate the gut microbiota, whereas little is known about the influence of the combined methods on gut microbiota. Here, we constructed "non-industrialized" and "industrialized" gut microbiota models to investigate the donor effect of FMT and diet effect in shaping the gut microbiota. Mice were transplanted fecal microbiota from domestic pig and received a diet with low-fiber (D) or high-fiber (DF), whereas the other two groups were transplanted fecal microbiota from wild pig and then received a diet with low-fiber (W) or high-fiber (WF), respectively. Gut microbiota of WF mice showed a lower Shannon and Simpson index ( < 0.05), whereas gut microbiota of W mice showed no significant difference than that of D and DF mice. Random forest models revealed the major differential bacteria genera between four groups, including or unclassified_o_, which were influenced by FMT or diet intervention, respectively. Besides, we found a lower out-of-bag rate in the random forest model constructed for dietary fiber (0.086) than that for FMT (0.114). Linear discriminant analysis effective size demonstrated that FMT combined with dietary fiber altered specific gut microbiota, including , XIVa, XI, and , in D, DF, W, and WF mice, respectively. Our results revealed that FMT from different donors coupled with dietary fiber intervention could lead to different patterns of gut microbiota composition, and dietary fiber might play a more critical role in shaping gut microbiota than FMT donor. Strategies based on dietary fiber can influence the effectiveness of FMT in the recipient.
粪便微生物群移植（FMT）和膳食纤维干预均被证实是调控肠道微生物群的有效方法，然而，关于这两种方法联合使用对肠道微生物群的影响却知之甚少。在此，我们构建了“非工业化”和“工业化”肠道微生物群模型，以研究FMT的供体效应和饮食对塑造肠道微生物群的影响。将家猪的粪便微生物群移植到小鼠体内，并给予低纤维（D）或高纤维（DF）饮食，而另外两组则分别移植野猪的粪便微生物群，然后分别给予低纤维（W）或高纤维（WF）饮食。WF组小鼠的肠道微生物群的香农指数和辛普森指数较低（<0.05），而W组小鼠的肠道微生物群与D组和DF组小鼠相比无显著差异。随机森林模型揭示了四组之间主要的差异细菌属，包括分别受FMT或饮食干预影响的 或未分类_o_。此外，我们发现，为膳食纤维构建的随机森林模型的袋外错误率（0.086）低于为FMT构建的随机森林模型（0.114）。线性判别分析效应大小表明，FMT与膳食纤维联合使用分别改变了D组、DF组、W组和WF组小鼠特定的肠道微生物群，包括 、 XIVa、 XI和 。我们的研究结果表明，来自不同供体的FMT与膳食纤维干预相结合可导致肠道微生物群组成的不同模式，并且膳食纤维在塑造肠道微生物群方面可能比FMT供体发挥更关键的作用。基于膳食纤维的策略可影响FMT在受体中的有效性。
