Sun Wei, Zhou Nana, Feng Cai, Sun Shiyu, Tang Ming, Tang Xiaoxin, Ju Zhigang, Yi Yin
Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Biodiversity Conservation in Karst Mountain Area of Southwest of China, School of Life Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China.
Pharmacy College, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China.
PeerJ. 2021 Oct 20;9:e12323. doi: 10.7717/peerj.12323. eCollection 2021.
Dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (DFR), a key regulatory enzyme, participated in the biosynthesis of anthocyanins, proanthocyanidins and other flavonoids that essential for plant survival and human health. However, the role of this enzyme in is still unknown. Here, three putative genes were firstly isolated from . Phylogenetic analysis indicated that was classified into DFR subgroup, while the rest two were clustered into other NADPH-dependent reductases. Then, functions of the three genes were further characterized. Expression analysis showed that transcripts had strong correlations with the accumulation pattern of anthocyanin during the flower developmental, whereas other two were not, this suggested the potential roles of in anthocyanin biosynthesis. Subsequently, all three clones were functionally expressed in , but confirming that only encode active DFR proteins that catalyzed the reduction of dihydroflavonols to leucoanthocyanidin. Consistant with the biochemical assay results, overexpressing in Arabidopsis mutant successfully restored the deficiency of anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin, hinting its function as DFR in planta. Additionally, heterologous expression of in transgenic tobacco contributed to darker flower color up-regulating the expressions of endogenous and , which suggested that was involved in flower color development. In summary, this study validates the functions of and expands our understanding of anthocyanin biosynthesis in .
二氢黄酮醇4-还原酶(DFR)是一种关键调控酶,参与花青素、原花青素和其他对植物生存及人类健康至关重要的类黄酮的生物合成。然而,该酶在[具体内容缺失]中的作用仍不清楚。在此,首先从[具体内容缺失]中分离出三个假定的[具体内容缺失]基因。系统发育分析表明,[具体内容缺失]被归类到DFR亚组,而其余两个则聚类到其他依赖NADPH的还原酶中。然后,对这三个基因的功能进行了进一步表征。表达分析表明,[具体内容缺失]转录本在花发育过程中与花青素的积累模式有很强的相关性,而其他两个则没有,这表明[具体内容缺失]在花青素生物合成中具有潜在作用。随后,所有三个克隆在[具体内容缺失]中进行了功能表达,但证实只有[具体内容缺失]编码催化二氢黄酮醇还原为无色花青素的活性DFR蛋白。与生化分析结果一致,在拟南芥[具体内容缺失]突变体中过表达[具体内容缺失]成功恢复了花青素和原花青素的缺乏,暗示其在植物中作为DFR的功能。此外,[具体内容缺失]在转基因烟草中的异源表达通过上调内源性[具体内容缺失]和[具体内容缺失]的表达导致花色变深,这表明[具体内容缺失]参与了花色发育。总之,本研究验证了[具体内容缺失]的功能,并扩展了我们对[具体内容缺失]中花青素生物合成的理解。