Department of Speech Pathology and Audiology, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI.
Department of Clinical Nutrition, Children's Wisconsin, Milwaukee.
Am J Speech Lang Pathol. 2021 Nov 4;30(6):2643-2652. doi: 10.1044/2021_AJSLP-21-00048. Epub 2021 Nov 1.
Purpose The lack of age-appropriate expectations for the acquisition of feeding skills and consumption of textured food in early childhood inhibits early and accurate identification of developmental delay in feeding and pediatric feeding disorder. The objective of this study was to describe texture intake patterns in a cohort of typically developing infants between 8 and 12 months of age, with the aim of informing future research to establish targets for feeding skill acquisition. Method Using cross-sectional methodology, we studied the presence of liquid and solid textures and drinking methods in the diet, consumption patterns by texture and drinking methods, and caloric intake by texture via caregiver questionnaire and 3-day dietary intake record in 63 healthy infants between 8 and 12 months of age. Descriptive statistics and a one-way analysis of variance were conducted to compare the effect of age on texture intake patterns. Results Findings reveal rapid advancement of intake patterns for texture overall and for energy intake by texture between 8 and 12 months of age. Whereas liquids continue to provide a large proportion of total energy through this time, solids contribute an equal proportion of energy by 12 months of age. Conclusions This study describes texture intake patterns in a cohort of typically developing infants between 8 and 12 months of age by examining the presence of texture and drinking methods, liquid and solid consumption patterns, and energy intake by texture. When applied to data from a future population sample, findings will provide a threshold for age expectations for typical and disordered feeding development to aid in the detection of developmental delay in feeding and pediatric feeding disorder. Expectations regarding early feeding development have been focused on nutrition parameters. Lack of standardized, age-appropriate expectations for texture progression in infancy and early childhood inhibits early and accurate identification and treatment of pediatric feeding disorder. We have described changes in dietary composition by texture and drinking method in healthy infants. Together with nutritional composition, this study describes a more comprehensive assessment of infant feeding, particularly to clinicians who need to diagnose feeding skill deficits. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.16879615.
幼儿在获得进食技能和食用质地食物方面缺乏与年龄相适应的期望，这阻碍了对喂养发育迟缓及儿科喂养障碍的早期和准确识别。本研究的目的是描述 8 至 12 个月龄正常发育婴儿的质地摄入模式，旨在为未来的研究提供信息，以确定获得喂养技能的目标。
使用横断面方法，我们通过 caregiver问卷调查和 3 天饮食记录研究了 63 名 8 至 12 个月龄健康婴儿饮食中液体和固体质地及饮水方式的存在情况、按质地和饮水方式的消费模式以及按质地的热量摄入。采用描述性统计和单因素方差分析比较了年龄对质地摄入模式的影响。
研究结果表明，8 至 12 个月龄时，整体质地摄入模式和质地能量摄入均迅速发展。在此期间，液体仍然提供了大部分总能量，但到 12 个月龄时固体提供的能量则与之相当。
本研究通过检查质地和饮水方式的存在情况、液体和固体的消费模式以及质地的能量摄入，描述了 8 至 12 个月龄正常发育婴儿的质地摄入模式。当将这些发现应用于未来的人群样本数据时，将为正常和障碍性喂养发育的年龄期望提供一个阈值，以帮助识别喂养发育迟缓及儿科喂养障碍。早期喂养发展的期望一直集中在营养参数上。幼儿期和儿童早期缺乏标准化、与年龄相适应的质地进展期望，阻碍了儿科喂养障碍的早期和准确识别及治疗。我们描述了健康婴儿的质地和饮水方式的饮食组成变化。与营养成分一起，本研究描述了对婴儿喂养的更全面评估，特别是对需要诊断喂养技能缺陷的临床医生。
