Department of Epidemiology, Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3, Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.
Unité de Recherche Clinique de Nanoro (URCN), Institut de Recherche en Science de la Santé (IRSS), Nanoro, Burkina Faso.
BMC Infect Dis. 2021 Nov 1;21(1):1126. doi: 10.1186/s12879-021-06817-x.
Detailed characteristics of Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in Burkina Faso are scarce. The main aim of this study was to assess HCV seroprevalence in various settings and populations at risk in Burkina Faso between 1990 and 2020. Secondary objectives included the prevalence of HCV Ribonucleic acid (RNA) and the distribution of HCV genotypes.
A systematic database search, supplemented by a manual search, was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and African Index Medicus. Studies reporting HCV seroprevalence data in low and high-risk populations in Burkina Faso were included, and a random-effects meta-analysis was applied. Risk of bias was assessed using the Joanna Briggs institute checklist.
Low-risk populations were examined in 31 studies involving a total of 168,151 subjects, of whom 8330 were positive for HCV antibodies. Six studies included a total of 1484 high-risk persons, and 96 had antibodies to HCV. The pooled seroprevalence in low-risk populations was 3.72% (95% CI: 3.20-4.28) and 4.75% (95% CI: 1.79-8.94) in high-risk groups. A non-significant decreasing trend was observed over the study period. Seven studies tested HCV RNA in a total of 4759 individuals at low risk for HCV infection, and 81 were positive. The meta-analysis of HCV RNA yielded a pooled prevalence of 1.65% (95% CI: 0.74-2.89%) in low-risk populations, which is assumed to be indicative of HCV prevalence in the general population of Burkina Faso and suggests that about 301,174 people are active HCV carriers in the country. Genotypes 2 and 1 were the most frequent, with 60.3% and 25.0%, respectively.
HCV seroprevalence is intermediate in Burkina Faso and indicates the need to implement effective control strategies. There is a paucity of data at the national level and for rural and high-risk populations. General population screening and linkage to care are recommended, with special attention to rural and high-risk populations.
布基纳法索丙型肝炎病毒 (HCV) 感染的详细特征较为匮乏。本研究的主要目的是评估 1990 年至 2020 年期间布基纳法索不同环境和高危人群中的 HCV 血清流行率。次要目标包括 HCV 核糖核酸 (RNA) 的流行率和 HCV 基因型的分布。
通过在 PubMed、Web of Science、Scopus 和 African Index Medicus 中进行系统的数据库检索，并辅以手动检索，对报告布基纳法索低危和高危人群 HCV 血清流行率数据的研究进行了筛选，并采用随机效应荟萃分析。使用 Joanna Briggs 研究所清单评估偏倚风险。
对 31 项研究中的低危人群进行了检查，这些研究共涉及 168151 名受试者，其中 8330 名对 HCV 抗体呈阳性。6 项研究共纳入 1484 名高危人群，其中 96 名对 HCV 抗体呈阳性。低危人群的总血清流行率为 3.72%（95%CI：3.20-4.28），高危人群为 4.75%（95%CI：1.79-8.94）。研究期间呈非显著下降趋势。7 项研究共对 4759 名低危 HCV 感染人群进行了 HCV RNA 检测，其中 81 人呈阳性。对低危人群 HCV RNA 的荟萃分析得出的总流行率为 1.65%（95%CI：0.74-2.89%），这被认为是布基纳法索普通人群 HCV 流行率的代表，并表明该国约有 301174 人是 HCV 的活跃携带者。基因型 2 和 1 最为常见，分别占 60.3%和 25.0%。
布基纳法索的 HCV 血清流行率处于中等水平，表明需要实施有效的控制策略。在国家层面和农村及高危人群中，数据都很匮乏。建议对普通人群进行筛查并将其与治疗联系起来，特别要关注农村和高危人群。
