Davis Maxine, Gilbar Ohad, Padilla-Medina Diana M
School of Social Work, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey.
School of Social Work, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas.
Violence Vict. 2021 Oct 1;36(5):583-603. doi: 10.1891/VV-D-21-00005.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between COVID-19 related conditions and the perpetration or experience of intimate partner violence (IPV) in the earliest stage of the pandemic.
This cross-sectional study analyzed data collected via an internet-based survey in the spring of 2020 from an online sample of noninstitutionalized adults in the United States ( = 2,045). More than half of the sample self-identified as being in an intimate relationship at the time of the study (58.2%, = 1,183) and were used in the analysis. A four-item tool was used to assess IPV perpetration and victimization during the earliest stage of the pandemic. Respondents self-reported demographic data and recent health histories, including COVID-19 tests results, related symptoms, and degree of personal social distancing. We hypothesized that COVID-19 related factors would increase risks of IPV. Descriptive, correlational, and generalized linear modeling analysis techniques were employed.
COVID-19 impacted respondents had an increased risk of IPV victimization and perpetration. Among those who reported having symptoms consistent with COVID-19 but were denied access to testing, the odds of being a victim of psychological IPV was three times more likely than those who did not have symptoms. Respondents who reported testing positive to COVID-19 were two to three times more likely to experience or perpetrate psychological and physical IPV against an intimate partner. People who lost their job due to the pandemic were three to four times more likely to perpetrate IPV compared to those who remained employed.
Especially during this COVID-19 pandemic period, our results emphasize the need for an ongoing public-health response to IPV. Continued surveillance via effective screening, intervention development, and implementation is needed.
本研究的目的是评估在疫情最早期阶段，与新冠病毒病（COVID-19）相关的状况与亲密伴侣暴力行为（IPV）的实施或经历之间的关联。
这项横断面研究分析了2020年春季通过基于互联网的调查从美国非机构化成年人的在线样本中收集的数据（n = 2,045）。超过一半的样本在研究时自我认定处于亲密关系中（58.2%，n = 1,183），并用于分析。使用一个四项工具来评估疫情最早期阶段的亲密伴侣暴力行为实施情况和受害情况。受访者自行报告人口统计学数据和近期健康史，包括COVID-19检测结果、相关症状以及个人社交距离程度。我们假设与COVID-19相关的因素会增加亲密伴侣暴力行为的风险。采用了描述性、相关性和广义线性建模分析技术。
受COVID-19影响的受访者遭受亲密伴侣暴力行为侵害和实施该行为的风险增加。在那些报告有与COVID-19一致的症状但无法进行检测的人中，成为心理亲密伴侣暴力行为受害者的几率比没有症状的人高出三倍。报告COVID-19检测呈阳性的受访者对亲密伴侣实施或遭受心理和身体亲密伴侣暴力行为的可能性高出两到三倍。因疫情失去工作的人实施亲密伴侣暴力行为的可能性是仍有工作的人的三到四倍。
特别是在当前COVID-19大流行期间，我们的结果强调了对亲密伴侣暴力行为持续进行公共卫生应对的必要性。需要通过有效的筛查、干预措施的制定和实施进行持续监测。
