School of Public Health, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa.
School CAPHRI, Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht.
Geospat Health. 2021 Oct 28;16(2). doi: 10.4081/gh.2021.1036.
Anaemia remains a severe public health problem among children in Ethiopia and targeted approaches, based on the distribution and specific risk factors for that setting are needed to efficiently target health interventions. An analysis was performed using Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey 2016 data. Blood specimens for anaemia testing were collected from 9268 children aged 6-59 months. A child was considered as anaemic if the bloodhaemoglobin count was less than 11.0 g/dL. We applied Kulldorf's spatial scan statistics and used SaTScanTM to identify locations and estimate cluster sizes. In addition, we ran the local indicator of spatial association and the Getis-Ord Gi* statistics to detect and locate hotspots and multilevel multivariable analysis to identify risk factors for anaemia clustering. More than half of children aged 6-59 months (57%) were found to be anaemic in Ethiopia. We found significant geospatial inequality of anaemia among children and identified clusters (hotspots) in the eastern part of Ethiopia. The odds of anaemia among children found within the identified cluster was 1.5 times higher than children found outside the cluster. Women anaemia, stunting and high fertility were associated with anaemia clustering.
在埃塞俄比亚，贫血仍然是儿童面临的严重公共卫生问题，需要根据当地的分布情况和具体风险因素采取有针对性的方法，以便有效地针对卫生干预措施。本研究利用 2016 年埃塞俄比亚人口与健康调查的数据进行了分析。从 9268 名 6-59 个月大的儿童中采集了用于贫血检测的血液样本。如果血液血红蛋白计数低于 11.0 g/dL，则认为儿童贫血。我们应用 Kulldorf 的空间扫描统计和 SaTScanTM 来识别位置和估计集群大小。此外，我们还运行了局部空间关联指标和 Getis-Ord Gi*统计来检测和定位热点，并进行多水平多变量分析以确定贫血聚类的风险因素。研究发现，埃塞俄比亚 6-59 个月大的儿童中超过一半（57%）患有贫血。我们发现儿童贫血存在显著的地理空间不平等，并在埃塞俄比亚东部地区确定了聚类（热点）。在确定的聚类内发现的贫血儿童的患病几率比在聚类外发现的儿童高 1.5 倍。妇女贫血、发育迟缓以及高生育率与贫血聚类有关。
