Department of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Engineering & Management, Kolkata, India.
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India.
Waste Manag Res. 2022 Mar;40(3):294-305. doi: 10.1177/0734242X211055544. Epub 2021 Nov 2.
Acid tar sludge (ATS) is a hazardous waste generated in steel plants as a process by-product. ATS disposal is a major challenge for the steel industry around the world and specifically for developing nations. Hazardous wastes are usually disposed of in a dedicated expensive thermal treatment plant as per existing rules. Due to inadequate capacity of treating the total amount of hazardous waste, study of other economical options are required. India generates over 7.2 million metric tonnes of hazardous waste annually as per Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB), Government of India. Thus, co-processing of ATS in cement plant as an alternative means of disposal was studied based on a number of trials. During the five trials of 5 day each, feed rate of ATS was maintained at 0.4 tonne per hour (TPH) with an average coal feed rate of 10 TPH. No incremental variations in emissions were observed during the trials. The analysis further revealed insignificant impact on clinker quality, leach behaviour and cement property. The study also showed negligible impact on ambient air quality based on NO, SO, RSPM, SPM measurement at varying location around the cement plant. Thus, co-processing of hazardous waste such as ATS in cement plant can be an effective way to address the hazardous waste disposal problem in developing countries such as India.
酸焦油渣（ATS）是钢铁厂在生产过程中产生的一种危险废物。ATS 的处理是全球钢铁行业面临的主要挑战，尤其是发展中国家。根据现有规定，危险废物通常在专门的昂贵热处理厂进行处理。由于处理危险废物总量的能力不足，需要研究其他经济的选择方案。根据印度中央污染控制委员会（CPCB）的数据，印度每年产生超过 720 万吨的危险废物。因此，研究了在水泥厂中将 ATS 作为替代处理方法的共处置。在为期 5 天的 5 次试验中，ATS 的给料速率保持在每小时 0.4 吨，平均给煤速率为 10 吨/小时。在试验过程中没有观察到排放的增量变化。分析进一步表明，对熟料质量、浸出行为和水泥性能没有显著影响。该研究还表明，根据水泥厂周围不同地点的 NO、SO、RSPM、SPM 测量，对环境空气质量的影响可以忽略不计。因此，在水泥厂中将 ATS 等危险废物共处置，可以成为解决印度等发展中国家危险废物处理问题的有效途径。
